מדרש אויף תהילים 8:1

To the conductor over the Gittith. This refers to what is said in the scripture (Joel 4:13) "Send forth the sickle, for the harvest is ripe." Rabbi Pinchas said in the name of Rabbi Chelkia, "To whom was it said, 'Send forth the sickle?' The angels said to God, and Rabbi said to Israel. We do not sing about the harvest or the vintage, but about the Gittith (as it is written) [Psalms 8:1], 'For the Gittith.' The harvest refers to Babylon (Jeremiah 51:33) 'The daughter of Babylon is like a threshing floor at the time when it is trodden.' The vintage refers to Media, as it is said (Zechariah 9:13) 'For I have bent Judah as my bow, I have filled the bow with Ephraim.' Redemption was found in the four languages during the harvest, in the vintage, and in childbirth. If a person passes over them at the wrong time, he loses them, and even their owners do not benefit from them at all. This is what is written (Joel 4:13) "Send forth the sickle, for the harvest is ripe." In the harvest (Jeremiah 49:9) "If grape-gatherers came to you." In childbirth (Micah 5:2) "Therefore will he give them up, until the time that she who travaileth hath brought forth." In the balsam (Song of Solomon 8:14) "On the mountains of spices." Similarly, it is said (Joel 4:13) "Come down; for the press is full, the fats overflow." Everyone sees the Gittith. Joel speaks about it as it is said (Joel 4:13) "Send forth the sickle." Isaiah speaks about it as it is said (Isaiah 27:2) "And it shall come to pass in that day, that a vineyard of wine, red and good, shall be planted." Asaph speaks about it as it is said (Psalms 81:1) "For the Gittith." David speaks about it as it is said, "To the conductor over the Gittith."

What is man, that You should remember him? Rabbi Berechiah said, when God created the world, He wished to show the angels the praise of the righteous. They said to Him, "What is man?" Rabbi Joshua ben Levi said, because God says to them, "Do I not fill heaven and earth?" The upper and lower beings have nothing but the use of their fingers. "What is man?" This is Abraham, as it says, "And God remembered Abraham." And "son of man" is Isaac, as it says, "And the Lord remembered Sarah." And "little less than the angels" is Jacob, as it says, "And the flocks were heated with Jacob." This teaches that he was only lacking in giving his soul for them. And it says, "And he wrestled with an angel and prevailed; he wept and besought him." This is Moses, as it says, "And Moses knew not that the skin of his face shone." "Thou shalt rule over the work of Thy hands." This is Joshua, who said, "Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon." "All that tread upon him shall be put to death." This is David, as all his enemies fell before him, as it says, "And I have smitten them as small as the dust of the earth." "And he spoke of trees." This is Solomon. And "with the jawbone of an ass, heaps upon heaps." This is Samson. Rabbi Huna bar Pappa said he showed them that Samson, when he caught three hundred foxes. Rabbi Simon said: Show them Daniel, who descended into the lions' den and sat on their necks without being harmed. The birds of the air refer to Elijah, who travels around the world like a bird, as it is said, "And the ravens brought him bread and meat" (1 Kings 17:6). The fish of the sea refers to Jonah, as it is said, "And Jonah was in the belly of the fish" (Jonah 2:1). The "crossing of the sea" refers to the Israelites, as it is said, "The children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea" (Exodus 14:29). The angels said, "O Lord our God, how majestic is Your name in all the earth! Your glory is above the heavens!" (Psalms 8:1)

Another interpretation regarding the Gittite. Isaiah said (Isaiah 5:16) "And the LORD of hosts shall be exalted in justice". When will the Lord be exalted? When he executes judgment on the nations of the world. What is written above this (Isaiah 5:15)? "And the mean man shall be brought down, and the mighty man shall be humbled". At that time, the Lord of hosts shall be exalted in judgment. Similarly, it is said (Ezekiel 38:18), "And it shall come to pass at the same time when Gog shall come against the land of Israel..." and Joel says (Joel 4:9-11) "Proclaim ye this among the nations; prepare war; stir up the mighty men; let all the men of war draw near; let them come up. Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruning hooks into spears; let the weak say, I am strong. Assemble yourselves, and come, all ye heathen, and gather yourselves together round about: thither cause thy mighty ones to come down, O LORD." (Joel 4:2) "And I will also gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat, and will plead with them there for my people and for my heritage Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations, and parted my land." What is the valley called Jehoshaphat? It is the valley in which the Lord will judge the nations. Similarly, it is said (Joel 3:14), "Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision: for the day of the LORD is near in the valley of decision." The multitudes refer to (Jeremiah 25:33) "And the slain of the LORD shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth". And then (Joel 4:17), "So shall ye know that I am the LORD your God dwelling in Zion, my holy mountain." When will the Lord be seen upon Gath? Similarly, it is said (Micah 1:10), "Declare ye it not at Gath, weep ye not at all: in the house of Aphrah roll thyself in the dust." At that time, victory will be given to Him. "To the chief Musician upon Gittith" - there are four Gittiths: for the sons of Korah (Psalm 8), "For the Chief Musician upon Gittith", "Come down", and "For the Chief Musician, set to the Gittith" (Psalm 81) "Sing aloud unto God our strength, make a joyful noise unto the God of Jacob." This one is "upon Gittith."