וַתֹּ֣אמֶר לוֹ֩ זֶ֨רֶשׁ אִשְׁתּ֜וֹ וְכָל־אֹֽהֲבָ֗יו יַֽעֲשׂוּ־עֵץ֮ גָּבֹ֣הַּ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים אַמָּה֒ וּבַבֹּ֣קֶר ׀ אֱמֹ֣ר לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְיִתְל֤וּ אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַי֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבֹֽא־עִם־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֶל הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֖ה שָׂמֵ֑חַ וַיִּיטַ֧ב הַדָּבָ֛ר לִפְנֵ֥י הָמָ֖ן וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָעֵֽץ׃ (פ)
האָט צו אים געזאָגט זײַן װײַב זֶרֶש, און אַלע זײַנע גוטע פֿרײַנט: זאָל מען מאַכן אַ תּלִיֶה פֿופֿציק אײַלן הױך, און אין דער פֿרי זאָג דעם מלך, מע זאָל אױפֿהענגען אױף איר מרדכין; און גײ אַ פֿרײלעכער מיט דעם מלך צום מאָלצײַט. איז די זאַך װוילגעפֿעלן פֿאַר הָמָנען, און ער האָט געמאַכט די תּלִיֶה.
Rabbeinu Bahya
A Midrashic approach to the verses from Proverbs we quoted at the beginning of this introduction to Parshat Korach understands Solomon as referring to Mordechai when he wrote שוחר טוב יבקש רצון. The opposite is true of Haman who is characterized by Solomon as a person who set all his faith in his immense material wealth. Another person who set his faith in his personal wealth was Korach who also wound up losing all his possessions within seconds. The Torah spells out that not only he but his possessions went down into the earth (Numbers 16,32). On the other hand, the people described in the latter half of the verses quoted by Solomon are Moses and Aaron who represent the righteous “who will sprout forth like foliage.” Of Aaron we are told specifically that his staff sprouted, representing the house of Levi (Numbers 17,23).
There were two outstandingly wealthy men in the world, one A Jew the other a Gentile. They were Korach and Haman respectively. Both listened to their wives and as a result they came to an evil end. Haman had listened to his wife’s advice to build a gallows and ask the King’s permission to hang Mordechai from it (Esther 5,14). As a result of accepting his wife’s advice he himself was hung on that gallows. Korach had also listened to the advice of his wife and as a result lost his life and all his wealth. His wife had asked him what new halachah he had heard from Moses on a certain day. He told her that Moses had expounded on that day on the laws of techelet for the tzitzit. When his wife wanted to know details, Korach explained to her that Moses had said that they had been commanded by G’d to put the tzitziyot on the four corners of their garments and that one of the threads should be blue wool, seeing that it is written in the Torah: “they shall put on the tzitzit a thread of blue wool.” Korach’s wife responded that surely Moses was making fun of them. She would make him a talit which was all blue wool. She proceeded to do so. Thereupon most of the elders from the tribe of Reuven, a total of 250 men all dressed up in such a talit completely made of blue wool and came to Moses asking if such a talit required tzitziyot. This is the meaning of:
There were two outstandingly wealthy men in the world, one A Jew the other a Gentile. They were Korach and Haman respectively. Both listened to their wives and as a result they came to an evil end. Haman had listened to his wife’s advice to build a gallows and ask the King’s permission to hang Mordechai from it (Esther 5,14). As a result of accepting his wife’s advice he himself was hung on that gallows. Korach had also listened to the advice of his wife and as a result lost his life and all his wealth. His wife had asked him what new halachah he had heard from Moses on a certain day. He told her that Moses had expounded on that day on the laws of techelet for the tzitzit. When his wife wanted to know details, Korach explained to her that Moses had said that they had been commanded by G’d to put the tzitziyot on the four corners of their garments and that one of the threads should be blue wool, seeing that it is written in the Torah: “they shall put on the tzitzit a thread of blue wool.” Korach’s wife responded that surely Moses was making fun of them. She would make him a talit which was all blue wool. She proceeded to do so. Thereupon most of the elders from the tribe of Reuven, a total of 250 men all dressed up in such a talit completely made of blue wool and came to Moses asking if such a talit required tzitziyot. This is the meaning of:
Chizkuni
על עץ, not a tree that is still rooted in the earth, but on a wooden structure that had once been a tree. All the sinners guilty of death through stoning, including the rebellious son, will be hung afterwards as a deterrent, but must be buried before sunset. Compare Esther 5,14, where the gallows constructed by Haman to hang Mordechai from is called: עץ, “tree.”