מִ֭דְיָנִים יַשְׁבִּ֣ית הַגּוֹרָ֑ל וּבֵ֖ין עֲצוּמִ֣ים יַפְרִֽיד׃
דער גורל מאַכט אױפֿהערן קריג, און צװישן די שטרײַטער צעשײדט ער.
Ibn Ezra
עצומותיכם Your disputes,26A. V., Your strong reasons. Mighty.26A. V., Your strong reasons. Mighty. Comp. עצומים quarreling (Prov. 18:18). It would, however, not be wrong to explain עצומותיכם your strong reasons, as the plural of the adjective עצום mighty, strong.27The Hebrew text has the words תאר הרבים, which seems to mean adj. plur.; but I. E. in similar cases, generally adds the remark, that the phrase is elliptical, and that such and such a noun must be supplied; (here טענות pleadings or מלות words). It is therefore not unlikely that we must not read תאר הׇרַבּׅים but תאֽר הׇרׇבׅים an attribute to רׇבׅים ‘men that quarrel,’ which is understood. In that case the remark refers to עצומים and leaves it to the reader to apply the same proceeding to עצומותיכם.
Rabbeinu Bahya
על פי הגורל תחלק נחלתו , “each portion shall be assigned by lot.” Our verse expresses what is stated in Proverbs 18,18: “the lot puts an end to strife, it separates between the mighty.” Solomon comes out in favor of determining distribution of properties, etc., with multiple claimants by lottery as it prevents strife and bad feeling. it is a cause for preventing coveting something belonging to others. If we assume that the other person has gained his property through the casting of lots no one can begrudge it claiming unfairness by human authority. Solomon illustrates this further in Proverbs 16,33: “a lot is cast into the lap, but one’s judgment depends on G’d.”