ציטירנדיקער פּירוש אויף קהלת 10:16

Second, since the Divine Spirit had shone upon the writing of [Koheles], we can derive from it matters unrelated to its context. As we explained in Part 2, chapter 3, this is one of the virtues of what is written with the Divine Spirit. We used this concept there to explain the disagreement [in Megillah 7a–b] as to whether the Book of Esther was written with Divine inspiration, [which in turn would determine what laws could be derived from the Book of Esther].⁴The Netziv explained one sage to be interpreting the verse in relation to the context, since he believed that the Book of Esther was not written with Divine inspiration, whereas the other interprets the verse in a manner inconsistent with the context, since he believed it was written with the Divine Spirit. We hold that Koheles was written with the Divine inspiration, and thus we can derive from it matters unrelated to its context. [An example may be found] in Tractate Shabbos 10a: Until when do [judges] sit in judgment? Rav Sheshes says: Until the time for the main meal of the day.⁵The main meal is eaten at around noon. Rav Hama says [that this may be inferred] from the verse [in Koheles], “Woe to you, O land, whose king acts like an adolescent, and whose ministers dine in the morning. Happy are you, O land, whose king is a man of dignity, and whose ministers dine at the proper time – in strength and not in drunkenness.”⁶Eccl. 10:16. [We infer from the words, “in strength and not in drunkenness”], that the judges should fortify themselves with the strength of Torah rather than by drinking wine.

בצהרים, “at noon.” This is the time when ministers and highly placed officials eat their principal meal. They waited until that hour as they were preoccupied with various aspects of their service to the public. Solomon referred to people who eat early in the morning when he wrote in Kohelet 10,16: "Woe to you, O land, whose king acts as an adolescent, and whose ministers dine in the morning.” At the same time, Solomon praises the ones who eat their meal at noon — (compare verse 17 in the above chapter of Kohelet).