ציטירנדיקער פּירוש אויף קהלת 10:18

Solomon also addresses apparent contradictions which man could expect if he were to make Torah-principles his sole guidelines such as giving charity generously. He explains that contrary to human logic “giving” does not impoverish the giver but enriches him (Proverbs 11,24). A similar thought is voiced in Proverbs 28,27 i.e. “he who gives to the poor will not be in need.” It is important to realize that all such parables need to be based on life’s experiences, matters man experiences with one or more of his five senses. Unless the parable is something with which we are familiar it cannot hope to achieve its purpose, i.e. to convey the moral lesson it is meant to convey. The meaning of this statement is also that just as the body derives physical gratification from the consumption of honey, so the soul derives spiritual gratification from the absorption of words of wisdom. This is one of the meanings of Exodus 24,11: “they saw G’d and ate and drank.” In other words, just as eating and drinking provided physical gratification, so a vision of the divine provides man with spiritual gratification. One of the reasons Moses could spend 40 days on Mount Sinai going without bread or water, i.e. physical food, was that the divine visions he beheld during that time did more for his soul, his spiritual essence, than even the vision described as being had by the אצילי בני ישראל, ‘the nobles of Israel” in Exodus 24,11. Moses drew on this spiritual food-reservoir for practically 120 days seeing that the brief time he spent in the camp between his three sojourns on the mountain amounted to less than a full day each time. [The author had already explained the logic that if physical food which originally derived from the celestial regions can sustain our bodies on earth, then spiritual food, i.e. food at its source, not diluted by various detours before it reaches man, such as soil, trees, etc., would most certainly not do any less for the person absorbing it. In our day and age the best illustration is probably to compare that celestial, “pure” food to patients on earth who have to be fed intravenously. These patients do not suffer by their food by-passing the mouth, the stomach, and the intestines which are the body’s primary organs for food intake. Ed.]
The author demonstrates that when Moses ascended the mountain on the first of Elul (the third time) this was a Monday so that his return on Yom Kippur occurred on Thursday. This is why the sages determined that courts were to sit on Mondays and Thursdays of each week. This is the allegorical meaning of the words דרשו ה' בהמצאו, “seek out the Lord when He is liable to be found” (Isaiah 55,6). The days which have proved particularly propitious are Mondays and Thursdays. The commandment to construct the Tabernacle was issued on the morrow of Yom HaKippurim, hence this is where our portion begins.

“If you follow My statutes, etc.” Rashi explains that “you should toil in Torah, etc.” Even though Rashi arrived at this interpretation from the redundancy in the verses since keeping the commandments is already mentioned, nevertheless, the language itself also requires explanation.
His [Rashi’s] intention is to divide this verse into three parts, corresponding to which and I will give is mentioned three times. In the first section it says, If you follow My statutes. This refers to toiling in Torah and establishing fixed times for Torah study as an unbreakable rule. For this reason, the language My statutes [bechukkotai] is used, as the intent is not about the statutory [arational] commandments since we do not find the language of “walking” or “following” used with them throughout the Torah. The Torah never says “walk in My statutes, which indicates that this ”walking“ refers to something that the Holy One, blessed be He, does not command directly, but rather something a person does of his own accord. Necessarily, this must be interpreted as something a person does naturally, as through habituation it becomes second nature. This can only apply to someone who establishes fixed times and rules for Torah study, accustoming himself to come to the house of study at a specific time until it becomes natural for his feet.
This aligns with the Midrash (Rabbah 35:1) which says about If you follow My statutes: This is what is written I considered my ways and turned my feet to Your testimonies (Psalms 119:59). David said before the Holy One, blessed be He, ”Master of the Universe, each day I would plan to go to a certain place, but my feet would bring me to houses of study, etc.“ This happens only because he established fixed times for Torah study as an unbreakable rule, to the point that his feet would guarantee to take him to houses of study unconsciously, as they had become accustomed to it.
Therefore, there was no need to command this to a person, because something done without conscious intention cannot be subject to a commandment — one cannot command the feet. Rather, it speaks of a situation where one has established fixed times for Torah study until, at that time, one’s feet go by themselves at the appointed time, which is called a ”statute“ [chok]. Regarding this it says, If you follow My statutes.
Corresponding to this, it states, I will give your rains in their time. For the one who establishes fixed times for Torah study, this is his reward — that the rains will come in their proper time. As the Sages said (Taanit 7b), ”Rain is withheld only because of the sin of neglecting Torah study, as it is said Through laziness, the ceiling sags (Ecclesiastes 10:18).“

guide Heb. תומיך. You lowered my hand onto the portion, an expression of (Ecc. 10: 18): “the rafter sinks (ימך),” is lowered. In this manner it is expounded upon in Sifrei (Deut. 11:26, 27). It can also be interpreted as an expression of support, according to the Midrash Aggadah, as (in Gen. 48:17) “he supported (ויתמך) his father’s hand.”

And man shall be humbled... and the strong of men shall be weakened. [after Jonathan]. According to the Midrashic interpretation (Sotah 48a), this is the Holy One, blessed be He. They caused Him to appear as a man who is stunned. [The expression originates in Jeremiah 14:9]. And so Scripture states (Deut. 32:18): “The Rock that begot you, you have weakened (תֶּשִׁי),” [interpreting the word as originating from תָּשׁ, weak,] and Scripture states [further] (Ecclesiastes 10:18): “Through slothfulness, the One Who frames His upper chambers will become impoverished.”