ציטירנדיקער פּירוש אויף שמות 21:18

He that killeth an ox, etc. I look to him that trembleth at my word, not to those that sacrifice burnt offerings, and at the same time act badly; for he that killeth an ox, מכה איש is as guilty as if he slew a man; it is considered as murder on his part, because the offering is not brought properly; or is guilty as if he struck a man, not killing, but hurting and wounding him;²Comp. והכה איש את רעהו וגו׳, and one smite another with a stone, or with his fist, and he die not. Ex. 21:18.

אגרף Some hard thing to strike with.⁵A. V., First. In this sense it is used in Rabbinical literature. Comp. בעלי אגרפין men with force (Pesachim 53); compare besides באגרף (Ex. 21:18).⁶In his commentary on Ex. 21:18, I. E. mentions this comparison in the name of Saadiah, while the other explanation, introduced here by the words, Others render it, is given, in his abridged commentary on Ex. 21:18, as his own, introduced by the word ויתכן, It is also right to say. Others⁷Very probably R. Jonah is meant, whose explanation is quoted in the commentary of I. E. on Ex. 21:18; he derived the word from the root גרף to sweep. render it a piece of hard earth, and connect it with מגרפותיהם their clods (Joel 1:17).

List of relevant verses for Bava Kamma: They are listed in the order of their relevance throughout the tractate. Exodus 21:33-34 Exodus 21:35-36 Exodus 22:4-5 Exodus 21:28-32 Exodus 21:37 Exodus 22:3 Exodus 22:6-8 Exodus 21:18-19 Exodus 21:22-25 Leviticus 24:18-20 Deuteronomy 19:21 Leviticus 5:20-25 Numbers 5:5-8

for the judgment of the Lord and for quarrels It is appropriate to use the term “judgment” (לְמִשְׁפַּט) concerning money matters, an example being (Num. 27:11) “and it shall be for the Children of Israel as a legal norm (לְחֻקַּת מִשְׁפָּט).” “And for quarrels” (וְלָרִיב) refers to capital cases and bodily injuries, an example being (Exod. 21:18) “And if men quarrel, etc.” (יְרִיבוּן).

אשר ימות בה signifies: which has a size sufficient to cause death, as the Targum understands it. Because it has been stated, (Exodus 21:18) “If one man smote another with a stone” but it assigned no size for it, one might think that it means, whatever size it may be! Therefore it states here, “by which one may die” (Sifrei Bamidbar 160:3).