תּלמוד אויף אסתר 1:13

When Rebbi Naḥum bar Simai expired, the pictures were covered by bast mats¹⁴The entire paragraph in Eccl. rabba 9(9); cf. also Babli Moˋed qatan 25b.
They covered all icons along the route of the funeral procession by mats. (In the Babli, the icons turned into mats.). Just as he did not see them during his lifetime, so he should not see them in his death. But do they know anything¹⁵Babli Berakhot 18a.? Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, the only difference between us and the just is speech¹⁶Midrash Ps. 30(3) [ed. Buber Note 6]; Pesiqta rabbati 2 (ed. Friedmann Note 17), 12 (Note 4). The name tradition changes from source to source.. Rebbi Ze‘ira said, the dead person hears his eulogy as in a dream. Rebbi Ashian said, the dead person hears his eulogy^16aקִילוּס “praise” is derived from Greek καλῶς! “beautiful, excellent”. For the use as “eulogy” compare καλολογέω, same as ἐυλογέω (E. G.). as in a dream. Why was he called “Naḥum the most holy man”? because he never in his life looked at the form on a coin¹⁷Sanhedrin 10:6 Note 335, Megillah 1:13 (72b l. 57) 3:3 (74a l. 39); Babli Šabbat 118b, Pesaḥim 104a.. Why was he called “our holy teacher”? Because he never looked at his circumcision¹⁷Sanhedrin 10:6 Note 335, Megillah 1:13 (72b l. 57) 3:3 (74a l. 39); Babli Šabbat 118b, Pesaḥim 104a..

³³¹It is difficult to understand why this digression about a crypto-Jewish Roman emperor was inserted here. It is futile to try to determine to whom one refers; cf. Kilaim9:4, Note 79. It was implied already in Halakhah 1 that Gentiles may have part in the World to Come.
A parallel, in slightly different order, is in Megillah 1:13. For the first sentence, cf. Lev. rabba 3(20), Midrash Ps. 22(29). Rebbi Ḥizqiah, Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: When in the Future World the proselytes come, Antoninus comes at the head of all of them. How do you understand this? Since they saw him walking with a slight shoe on the Day of Atonement³³²The wearing of leather shoes is forbidden on the Day of Atonement (except where it is necessary, as when walking on muddy streets.) That Antoninus did not wear leather shoes on the Day of Atonement is no proof that he became a proselyte since many “God-fearing people”, Gentiles known as “Friends of the Synagogue”, do the same., what do you infer since even God-fearing people go outside thus. There is information that Antoninus did not become a proselyte, and there is information that Antoninus did become a proselyte. Antoninus came to Rebbi and asked him, can you see me eating from the Leviathan³³³The just feasting on Leviathan meat in the World to Come are also mentioned in Lev. rabba 22(7), Babli Bava batra74b–75a. in the World to Come? He said, yes. He told him, from the Passover lamb you would not let me eat, but from Leviathan you make me eat in the World to Come? He answered, what can we do for you since about the Passover lamb it is written that no uncircumcised man may eat from it³³⁴Ex. 12:48.. This implies that Antoninus did not become a proselyte. When he heard this, he went and became a proselyte. He came to Rebbi and said to him, look at my circumcision. He answered him, at mine I never looked³³⁵It is indecent to look at sexual organs. References to this insert are Megillah 1:13 (72b l.57, 3:3 74a l.39); Avodah zarah 3:1 (42c l.5); Babli Šabbat 118b, Pesahim 104a; the text here is copied by Tosaphot Ketubot30a s.v. הכל., and at yours I should look? This implies that Antoninus became a proselyte. Why is he called our holy teacher? Because he never in his life looked at his circumcision. And why is his name Naḥum the holiest of holies³³⁶An otherwise unknown personality.? Because he never in his life looked at the figure on a coin. Antoninus came to Rebbi; he said to him, pray for me. He said to him, may He save you from the cold, as it is written³³⁷Ps. 147:17., who can withstand His cold? He said, is that not a superfluous prayer? You cover yourself with an outer garment and the cold will go away. He said to him, may He save you from the hot wind that comes into the world. He said, that is a prayer; may your prayer be heard, as it is written³³⁸Ps. 19:7., nothing is hidden from His heat.

Rebbi Ḥilqiah in the name of Rebbi Simon: Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish disagreed⁶⁹A more complete list of names is in the parallel, Midrash Esther ad 1:13.. One said, our procedures are like their procedures, and one said, our procedures are not like their procedures⁷⁰Whether in Gentile courts the presiding judge also votes last in criminal proceedings.. He who said, our procedures are like their procedures, is understandable. He wo said, our procedures are not like their procedures, how does he understand Jehudah said⁷¹When the brothers discussed what to do with Joseph, Jehudah volunteered his plan not to kill Joseph (Gen. 37:26) even though he was the fourth of the brothers (but the oldest, Reuben, was absent.) Since this happened before the revelation of Sinai, one has to assume that the brothers followed general Noahide rules., Memukhan said⁷²Esth. 1:13 In the trial of Washti, the last named of the Persian grandees gave his opinion first.? They agreed with what Jehudah said, they agreed with what Memukhan said⁷³Since in both cases no other opinions are recorded, we do not know in which order they spoke. Only the opinion which was agreed to in the end is mentioned..