תּלמוד אויף ויקרא 21:2

MISHNAH: The High Priest rends his garment below, the common priest above¹⁹⁸Rending one’s garment is a required mourning rite for a close relative (as defined in Lev. 21:2–3). The High Priest is forbidden any mourning rites, including rending his garment (Mishnah 5). One allows him to make a tear at the bottom of his robe where nobody will notice it.. The High Priest sacrifices while in deep mourning but does not eat; the common priest neither sacrifices nor eats¹⁹⁹“Deep mourning” is the time between the death of a close relative and his burial (on the same day or the following night). Since the High Priest is forbidden to leave the Sanctuary (Lev. 21:12) he must be permitted to officiate. But eating sancta while in deep mourning is forbidden to everybody (Deut. 26:14), including the High Priest (Lev. 10:19–20). The common priest is required to defile himself for the burial of a close relative (Lev. 21:1–2); automatically he is excluded from the Sanctuary and all its service..

“A Cohen’s daughter may defile herself for the dead.” Rebbi Dosa from Malḥiyya, Rebbi Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: A Cohen’s daughter is permitted to leave the Land²¹⁷A Cohen is prohibited from defiling himself in the impurity of the dead, Lev. 21:1–4. By rabbinic decree, a Cohen is forbidden to leave the Land of Israel since the other countries, even disregarding the biblical impurity inherent in them, might be full of unrecognized graves so that the Cohen would automatically incur at least the doubt of contamination by a grave.. What is the reason? “Say to the Cohanim²¹⁸Lev. 21:2: “Say to the Cohanim, the sons of Aaron.” The prohibitions in this paragraph inherently concern only the males of the family. This is explicit in Sifra Emor, Introduction; alluded to in Babli, 23b..” Not to the daughters of Cohanim. If it were not so, what would he say? Because she is included in the decree, she cannot leave. Why should she not be included in the decree and be forbidden to leave²¹⁹Since the prohibition is rabbinic anyhow, how can the extent of the prohibition be measured by biblical standards? It is unlikely that the prohibition was known before the war of Bar Kokhba. We find king Yannai outside the Land, but he was a Sadducee and opposed to rabbinic prohibitions. But it is reported that R. Eleazar ben Azariah, a Cohen, descendant of Ezra in the tenth generation, went to Rome.? If you say so, you push aside the paragraph on impurities²²⁰Since rabbinic decrees are גדירה, fences around the Law, they should not prohibit what is explicitly permitted in the Pentateuch..

“If he allots her to his son;” he allots her to his son but he may not allot her to his grandson. Samuel bar Abba asked before Rebbi Ze‘ira: In matters of inheritance you take the grandson like the son but here you do not take the grandson like the son¹⁸⁵If the son died before the father, the grandson inherits the son’s part.? Rebbi Ze‘ira said, if anybody explains this matter, I shall pour him spiced wine¹⁸⁶Latin conditum (sc., vinum),“spiced wine”.. Rebbi Tanḥum¹⁸⁷In Qiddushin: R. Naḥum, a third generation Amora, student of Samuel bar Abba. His name fits into the scheme of things but not the fifth generation R. Tanḥum. answered: In matters of inheritance where the brother can take the place of the son and all others can take the place of the son, the grandson takes the place of the son.¹⁸⁸Here, a sentence is missing which appears in the text of Qiddushin: וְכָאן שֶׁלֹּא עָשִׂיתָ אָח כְּבֵן וּשְׁאָר כָּל־הַקְּרוֹבִים כְּבֵן אֵין אַתְּ עוֹשֶׂה בֶן בֵּן כְּבֵן: “but here, where neither the brother nor the other relatives take the role of the son, the grandson does not take the role of the son.” The rabbis of Caesarea answered: In matters of impurity you consider the brother like the son and all [near] relatives like the son but not the grandson like the son¹⁸⁹In the list of close relatives who have to defile themselves for the burial of the deceased (Lev. 21:2–3), the grandson or grandfather is absent. Among Cohanim, the grandson may not defile himself for his grandfather.. He said, there went the spiced wine.