申命記 24:5 註釋：Rashi, Ibn Ezra, Ramban & Rabbeinu Bahya

אשה חדשה [WHEN A MAN HATH TAKEN] A NEW WIFE [HE SHALL NOT GO OUT TO THE HOST] — i.e., one that is new to him, even though she be a widow; but it excludes the case of one who re-marries his divorced wife (Sifrei Devarim 271:1; Sotah 44a; cf., however, Targum Jonathan).

Some say that a new woman denotes a virgin; but the majority opinion is that it means someone new to him (since a man may remarry his divorced wife — if she did not become “impure” [cf.: 4] — Scripture has to specify a new woman).

[WHEN A MAN TAKETH A NEW WIFE, HE SHALL NOT GO OUT IN THE HOST] NEITHER SHALL HE BE CHARGED ‘ALAV L’CHOL DAVAR’ (FOR IT WITH ANY THING). “Davar (thing) refers to ‘the host’ [i.e., military service]. L’chol davar means ‘any thing that is a requirement of the army.’ [Thus he is not] to provide water and food, nor repair the roads. But those who return from the ranks of the army at the bidding of the priest, such as one who built a new house and had not yet dedicated it, or who betrothed a woman and did not take her yet to wife — they are bound to supply water and food and repair the roads.” This is Rashi’s language taken from the words of our Rabbis.³⁴⁰Sotah 44a. And if so, the word alav [‘v’lo ya’avor alav’ — neither shall he be charged ‘for it’] refers to the aforementioned “host.” The verse is thus stating that this man [in the first year of his marriage] shall not be charged with going to the host; nor shall he be charged with any thing, neither to be a captain of the men of the host, nor to muster the people of the land for whatever is needed, such as the provision of water. He is to pay no attention to these matters but only to his rejoicing. This is a correct interpretation.

ולא יעבר lit., NEITHER SHALL PASS UPON HIM (i.e., be obligatory upon him) any army matter,