申命記 9:22 註釋：Ibn Ezra, Ramban, Sforno & Chizkuni

Taverah is probably the name of a place where they encamped for only one day, therefore it is not mentioned in the parasha of Masey ; but it is one of the thirty places they traversed on the way from Mount Sinai to Graves-of-Lust, as I have explained [comment on Numbers 10: 31]. The connection between Taverah and Massah is that in both places the people were grumbling against — were testing, as it were — God . The reason Taverah is mentioned first, before Massah, is that at Massah nothing happened to them. And some say that Amalek came because [the Israelites] tested the Lord. And therefore it mentioned the burning of the Lord's fire in them and the pursuit of Amalek and the plague of those that desired - the most difficult first. Some say that Taverah is Massah, along the lines of “from the top of S̀ ә nir and Ḥermon” [Songs of Songs 4: 8]. But the correct explanation is the one I have given.

And Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra wrote that the meaning of the verse, And at Taberah, and at Massah etc.,¹⁴⁶Verse 22. The question is, why are these two places mentioned here together, when the offenses took place at different times — that in Massah, before they encamped at Sinai (Exodus 17:7) and that in Taberah, after they left Sinai (Numbers 11:1-3)? Besides, if they are to be mentioned together, then Massah, having occurred earlier, should have been mentioned first. Ibn Ezra answers that, since both offenses were of the same nature, Moses is saying that they acted in Taberah just as they had acted in Massah — they learned no lessons from their former experience. is that because at Taberah the people were as murmerers,¹⁴⁷Numbers 11:1. testing G-d with complaints, therefore Moses mentioned to them that “you angered G-d with the challenge of proving [His power] at Taberah just as you had already done another time at Massah¹⁴⁸Exodus 17:7. and you accepted no correction.”¹⁴⁹See Jeremiah 7:28. He [Ibn Ezra] explained it well. Behold, the sin of testing G-d is a great sin and of a serious nature, as he admonished against it, Ye shall not try the Eternal your G-d, as ye tried Him in Massah;¹⁵⁰Above, 6:16. therefore he cited it to them again here. So also he briefly mentioned to them once again the sin of the spies¹⁵¹Verse 23. because of the great sin it entailed, for with it he completed [this section], saying, Ye have been rebellious against the Eternal from the day I knew you.¹⁵²Verse 24. He stated from the day I knew you in order to allude to their murmurings before the Giving of the Torah.

ובתבערה ובמסה, even though you have seen with your own eyes that because you had made G’d angry the Tablets He had made Himself were shattered, and I had to pray for you and fast for 40 consecutive days and nights, you repeatedly angered G’d again at the locations I just mentioned, as if putting G’d to the test each time.