列王紀下 3:7的穆薩爾(倫理)

וַיֵּ֡לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨ט מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר מֶ֤לֶךְ מוֹאָב֙ פָּשַׁ֣ע בִּ֔י הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ אִתִּ֛י אֶל־מוֹאָ֖ב לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶעֱלֶ֔ה כָּמ֧וֹנִי כָמ֛וֹךָ כְּעַמִּ֥י כְעַמֶּ֖ךָ כְּסוּסַ֥י כְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃

他去了,派人去見猶大王約沙法,說:«摩押王背叛了我,你肯與我同去攻打摩押嗎?»約沙法說:«我願意上去。你我不分彼此,我的民如同你的民,我的馬如同你的馬。»

Sha'arei Teshuvah

And the order of the confession is - “We have sinned, we have been iniquitous, we have transgressed (chatanu, avinu, pashanu).” And sin includes inadvertent sin and peshiyah. And the meaning of peshiyah, according to the Sages of Israel, is when one is not careful about a matter about which it is the way of most people to be careful, as we have already mentioned. And iniquities (avonot) are volitional sins. And transgressions (peshayim) are acts of rebellion, from the usage (in II Kings 3:7), “The king of Moab has rebelled (pasha) against me. And - according to His great Kindness, God, may He be blessed, forgives even those who rebel against Him, when they repent to Him with all of their hearts. And it is stated (Daniel 9:9), “To the Lord, our God, belong mercy and forgiveness; for we rebelled (pashanu) against Him.” And it is stated (Psalms 25:11), “For the sake of Your name, O Lord, pardon my iniquity (avoni) though it be great.” And it is stated (Psalms 65:4), “All manner of iniquities overwhelm me, it is You who forgives our transgressions (peshaeinu).”
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