Talmud zu Schemot 13:14

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Ḥiyya stated⁶⁹The Babylonian parallel, used in the common Haggadah, is in Mekhilta dR. Ismael, Bo, Pisqa 18. There the answers to the wise and stupid children are switched. “The Torah spoke about Four Children, a wise child, a wicked child, a stupid child, and a child who does not know how to ask. What does the wise child say? What are the testimonials, the ordinances, and the laws, that the Eternal, our God, commanded us⁷⁰Deut. 6:20. The text of R. Ḥiyya and the Mekhilta is that underlying the LXX; the masoretic text has the child asking, what are the testimonials, … commanded you. This is a natural formulation for a child born later, asking a member of the generation which first received the Torah. The formulation of the Yerushalmi/Mekhilta was common in all Haggadot until corrected by pedantic editors who copied the masoretic text, disregarding talmudic tradition in Biblical quotes.
Following Nahmanides, the “testimonials” are obligations in remembrance of His miracles, the “ordinances” are those commandments for which no reason is hinted at in the Torah, and the “laws” are the legal instructions to the court.? Also you shall tell him, with a strong hand did the Eternal lead us out of Egypt, the house of slaves⁷¹Ex. 13:14, the biblical answer to the question of the stupid child. The answer addresses the reason why one is obligated to follow the rules of Jewish worship, which is much more expensive than gentile rites.. What does the wicked son say? What does this service mean to you⁷²Ex. 12:26.? What is this exertion which you impose on us every (moment) [year]? Since he excluded himself from the community, also you shall tell him, because of this did the Eternal do for me when I left Egypt⁷³Ex. 13:8.. For me, He did it, for that man He did not do it. If that man had been in Egypt, he would not have been worthy ever to be redeemed. What does the stupid child say? What is this⁷⁴Ex. 13:14. The question is not about Passover but about the obligation of sacrificing the firstlings of the flock. In order that the child should understand the answer given to the wise child, he first has to learn by rote all the rules, up to the last Mishnah dealing with the rules of the Passover celebration.? Tell him the rules of Passover, that one may not follow the Pesaḥἐπὶ κῶμον⁷⁵A (frequently drunken) revelry, characteristic of Greek celebrations and most objectionable to Jews.. What means ἐπὶ κῶμον? That one not leave one company and join another company. With the child who does not know how to ask⁷⁶The child who does not know how to ask is alluded to in Ex. 13:8, you must tell your child on that day as follows: …, without a question preceding., you have to begin and initiate with him.” Rebbi Yose said, that is what the Mishnah says, “if the son does not know how to ask, his father instructs him.”