Talmud zu Jehoschua 9:12

MISHNAH: One seah of impure heave that fell into less than 100 [seah] of profane produce, or First Tithe, or Second Tithe, or dedicated produce, be it pure or impure, must be left to rot¹Since impure heave must be destroyed and heave cannot be lifted if it constitutes more than 1% of the whole, all must be destroyed.. If that seah was pure, all should be sold to Cohanim for the price of terumah except for the value of that seah²All is pure dema‘ which may be eaten by the Cohen. The Cohen will pay only little because there are few buyers; the owner is not permitted to charge the regular price to make clear that the Cohen may not give from the produce to lay people. The original heave cannot be charged since it is not the farmer’s property.. If it fell into First Tithe, heave of the tithe must be given its name³Again, it must be sold to a Cohen but the Cohen may not eat from it before he declares that 10% of the tithe are to be heave of the tithe. Since First Tithe becomes profane after its heave was removed, if it is still called First Tithe this implies that it still contains heave. Heave of the tithe need not actually be separated; this would be impossible.; if it fell into Second Tithe or dedicated produce, they should be redeemed⁴Since second tithe or food dedicated to the Temple may not contain heave, it has to be redeemed and then consumed as dema‘.. If it was impure and profane⁵It is assumed that the impure produce is dry and the pure heave has not been prepared for impurity (Demay Chapter 2, Note 141). Food in quantities less than the volume of an egg does not accept impurity (Mishnah Ṭahorot 1:1); if the heave is of flour, small pieces of half the volume of a hen’s egg may be kneaded with water, larger amounts only in fluids which do not prepare (cf. Demay 2, Note 136), usually fruit juice other that grape juice or wine., it should be eaten as crackers, or dry roasted, or kneaded with fruit juice, or split into pieces of dough so that no volume of an egg should be together.
One seah of impure heave that fell into 100 [seah] of pure profane produce, Rebbi Eliezer says it should be lifted and burned since I am saying that the seah which fell is the seah which was lifted. But the Sages say, it should be taken out and eaten²⁴Rashi in Bekhorot 22b explains: “it should disappear (in the profane produce which shall be treated as impure, and the value of one seah be given to a Cohen) or eaten …”; cf. also Bekhorot 22b Tosaphot s.v. תירום, Šiṭṭah mequbeṣet Note 32. However, תעלה cannot be translated as “to disappear” since, for that notion, Mishnah 4 uses the expression אבדה במיעוטה “it was lost in its minority.” as crackers, or dry roasted, or kneaded with fruit juice, or split into pieces of dough so that no volume of an egg should be together⁵It is assumed that the impure produce is dry and the pure heave has not been prepared for impurity (Demay Chapter 2, Note 141). Food in quantities less than the volume of an egg does not accept impurity (Mishnah Ṭahorot 1:1); if the heave is of flour, small pieces of half the volume of a hen’s egg may be kneaded with water, larger amounts only in fluids which do not prepare (cf. Demay 2, Note 136), usually fruit juice other that grape juice or wine.,⁶Reading of the Rome ms. Leyden and Venice: מעלה תעלה “lifts, may be lifted.”.
One seah of pure heave that fell into 100 [seah] of impure profane produce should be taken out and eaten as crackers³³Either this is a scribal error for “half an egg”, cf. the end of Mishnah 1, or the translation of ניקודין is not “crackers” but “totally dry” following Rashi (Bekhorot 22b) who translates the verse Jos. 9:12 הנה יבש והיה נקדים “behold, it is dry and was totally dry” and comments on our Mishnah: “Now, even though there is purity and impurity, the pure part will not become impure without preparation; the impure part becomes voided in the plurality and should be eaten ניקודים.”, or dry roasted, or kneaded with fruit juice, or split into pieces of dough so that no volume of an egg should be together⁵It is assumed that the impure produce is dry and the pure heave has not been prepared for impurity (Demay Chapter 2, Note 141). Food in quantities less than the volume of an egg does not accept impurity (Mishnah Ṭahorot 1:1); if the heave is of flour, small pieces of half the volume of a hen’s egg may be kneaded with water, larger amounts only in fluids which do not prepare (cf. Demay 2, Note 136), usually fruit juice other that grape juice or wine.,⁶Reading of the Rome ms. Leyden and Venice: מעלה תעלה “lifts, may be lifted.”.