Tosefta zu Schoftim 3:24

[Continuing on the theme of respect for elders,] what is the "rising" (kimah) of which the Torah spoke (Lev. 19:32), "Before the elderly you shall 'rise' (takum)"? [It means that one should] rise before [the elderly who are] within four amot. What is the "deference" (ha'dor) of which the Torah spoke (ibid.), "...and show 'deference' (v'hadarta) before the aged ones"? [It means that one does] not stand in his place (i.e., the place where the aged one normally stands), and does not speak in his place, and does not contradict his words. [Rather,] treat him with reverence and fear, whether in business dealings, when you enter [a place], and when you leave [a place]. And they take precedence over every person, as it is says (Deut. 1:15), "And I appointed them (i.e., wise and knowledgeable men) as leaders over you." § [Related to matters of respect,] one who goes out to war should dig a hole [to defecate in], and turn one's back, and cover it up, as it says (Deut. 23:14), "and you shall dig with it (i.e., with a spade), and you shall turn your back [to defecate], etc." One who relieves himself (="המסיך את רגליו", see Judges 3:24) faces the people, and one who urinates does so with his back to the Holy. Said Rabbi Yosei, to what case does this refer? From [Mount] Scopus and closer [to the Temple], but from [Mount] Scopus and further, there is no need.