Comentario sobre Deuteronómio 24:10

כי תשה ברעך means, WHEN THOU EXACTEST A DEBT FROM THY FELLOW MAN;

משאת מאומה, even the slightest indebtedness such as portage, compensating someone for transporting something for a few steps.(as described by Baba Metzia 115)

לא תבא אל ביתו לעבוט עבוטו, “do not enter his house to take his security for it.” It is forbidden to take the collateral (it must be offered). Neither the lender nor the court’s clerk is entitled to enter the debtor’s home for this purpose. This is an illustration of the Torah’s concern for the dignity of the borrower, and the efforts it makes not to embarrass him through allowing people to search his home for utensils to take as pledges. Another reason for this prohibition is to forestall heated arguments which might lead to murder. The lender is permitted, however, to enter the house of the guarantor of the loan, seeing he has nothing to be embarrassed about. Whereas the borrower is embarrassed about his poverty, the guarantor obviously has means, otherwise he would not have volunteered to guarantee the loan (Baba Metzia 115). This is what Solomon said in Proverbs 27,13: “seize his garment, (the guarantor’s) for he stood surety for another. Take it as a pledge for he stood surety for an unfamiliar woman” (Maimonides Hilchot Malveh veLoveh 3,7). The reason is simple. Although logic might have dictated that the pledge be taken from the borrower who otherwise may be tempted to live it up instead of trying to save and repay his loan seeing the lender will claim payment from the guarantor, the fact is that the guarantor has nothing to be embarrassed about whereas the borrower does. This is why the Torah does permit the lender to enter the house of the guarantor and take a pledge.