Tafsiran Ratapan 1:7: Tze'enah Ure'enah, Rashi & Ibn Ezra

“Recalled” [1:7]. She thought about Jerusalem in exile about the days of her pain and her mourning. She also thought about the desires she had not long before. She has fallen into the hands of her enemies and Israel has no helper. They saw the enemy and rejoiced that Israel was being destroyed. Another interpretation, Israel rested on Sabbaths, festivals, and observed the Sabbatical year every seven years. The strangers mocked them saying, you were fools in the land of Israel in that you did not properly observe the Sabbath and also the Sabbatical year. Now in exile, you will properly observe them.⁶Lamentations Rabbah, 1.34.

Yerusholayim remembered. In her exile.

"Yemei oniya" (ימי עניה) - means "days of affliction," similar to "ki sheshet yamim asah Hashem" (כי ששת ימים עשה ה'), which means "for in six days the Lord made."

The days of her poverty. The days of her destruction, which brought her to poverty.

And lamenting. This וּמְרוּדֶיהָ is an expression of pain³²Alternatively, ‘and her rebellion [מרד] against God.’ as in, “and I will wail וְיָרַדְתִּי upon the mountains,”³³Shoftim 11:37. [and as in,] “I lament אָרִיד as I speak and I moan.”³⁴Tehilim 55:3.

All her treasures. And [Yerusholayim] remembered all the good of her precious things³⁵מחמדיה in this verse has a different meaning than in Verse 10 below, where it means ‘Torah scrolls.’ (Sifsei Chachomim) that were from days of old.³⁶The beginning of the verse speaks of ‘her poverty’, therefore Rashi explains that ‘her treasures’ relates back to the ‘days of old.’ (Sifsei Chachomim)

Laughing derisively when she was curbed. They rejoiced over the cessation of her celebrating at her festivals, New Moons, and Sabbaths. But the Midrash Aggadah interprets it as a different expression, that they rested in exile on the Sabbath and festivals, and observed the seventh [i.e., Sabbatical] year. The gentiles ridiculed them and said, “Fools! In your land you did not observe [Sabbath and festivals,] and now in exile you keep it? In your land you did not observe [the Sabbatical year,] and now in exile you keep it?”