Bibbia Ebraica
Bibbia Ebraica

Midrash su Deuteronomio 25:4

לֹא־תַחְסֹ֥ם שׁ֖וֹר בְּדִישֽׁוֹ׃ (ס)

Non metti la museruola al bue quando calpesta il grano.

Shir HaShirim Rabbah

Rabbi Yudan [said] in the name of Rabbi Ḥama ben Rabbi Ḥanina, and Rabbi Berekhya [said] in the name of Rabbi Abbahu: It is written: “I have separated you from the peoples…” (Leviticus 20:26) – had it been stated: “I have separated the peoples from you,” there would not have been any revival for the enemies of Israel.92It would have been impossible for members of other nations to convert to Judaism. Rather, “I have separated you from the peoples” – for one who separates the bad from the good, does not return to separate again;93If one separates undesirable material from a mixture, he does not have to do so again, because he never returns that undesirable material to the mixture. however, one who separates the good from the bad, he must again separate.94If one separates desirable material from a mixture, he may later separate more of the desirable material from the mixture. So too, had it been stated: “I have separated the peoples from you,” there would not have been any revival for the enemies of Israel. Rather, it is stated: “I have separated you from the peoples” – to be for Me, for My name forever. Rabbi Aḥa said: From here [it may be demonstrated] that the Holy One blessed be He said to the nations of the world that they should repent and He would bring them near, under His wings.
Rabbi Levi said: All the actions of Israel are different from the nations of the world, in their plowing, in their sowing, in their planting, in their reaping, in their gathering, in their threshing, on their threshing floors and in their winepresses, on their roofs, regarding their firstborn, regarding their flesh, in their shaving, and in their counting. In their plowing, as it is stated: “You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey” (Deuteronomy 22:10). In their sowing, as it is stated: “You shall not sow your vineyard with diverse kinds” (Deuteronomy 22:9). In their planting, as it is stated: “You shall consider its fruit forbidden” (Leviticus 19:23). In their reaping, as it is stated: “When you reap the harvest of your land” (Leviticus 19:9). In their gathering, as it is stated: “And you forget a sheaf in the field” (Deuteronomy 24:19). In their threshing, as it is stated: “You shall not muzzle an ox in its threshing” (Deuteronomy 25:4). On their threshing floors and in their winepresses, as it is stated: “The fullness of your harvest and the outflow of your presses you shall not delay” (Exodus 22:28), and it is written: “Like the produce of the threshing floor, and like the produce of the winepress” (Numbers 18:30). On their roofs, as it is stated: “You shall make a guardrail for your roof” (Deuteronomy 22:8). In their shaving, as it is stated: “You shall not mar the edge of your beard” (Leviticus 19:27). In their counting, as it is stated: “When you take a census of the children of Israel…” (Exodus 30:12).95The census is to be conducted by each individual donating a half-shekel and the total sum being counted, rather than by counting the people. Israel counts by the moon96The lunar calendar and the nations of the world count by the sun.97The solar calendar
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Sifrei Devarim

(Devarim 25:4) "You shall not muzzle an ox in its threshing": This tells me only of an ox. Whence do I derive (the same for) an animal and a bird? From "in its threshing" (i.e., the threshing is the critical factor). If so, why is it written "ox"? You may not muzzle an ox, but you may "muzzle" a man (i.e., if you keep him from eating while working, you do not receive stripes, as you do for muzzling an ox.)
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