Talmud su Deuteronomio 17:15

HALAKHAH: “One does not investigate from the altar and before,” etc. It is written¹⁵¹Deut. 17:15.: “You certainly shall put a king over you.” This refers not only to a king; from where to add public officials, administrators of welfare, clerks of the court, and those who whip with a lash¹⁵²Employees of the criminal court.; from where? The verse says, “from amidst your brothers you shall appoint a king over you¹⁵¹Deut. 17:15.,” anybody whom you appoint over you shall only be from the select among your brethren¹⁵³He can be called your brother only if he belongs to your marriage group. Therefore, anybody whose daughter cannot be married by anybody, including priests, is excluded from public office. In the Babli, 76b, it is inferred from this argument that only children of a Jewish mother can be appointed to public office.. Rebbi Samuel bar Naḥman in the name of Rebbi Jonathan: “Their distinguished lineage in the army in war.¹⁵⁴1Chr. 7:40. This refers to the statement of R. Ḥanina ben Antigonos and a hypothetical army of the Messiah. In the Babli, 76b, “the king’s army” is interpreted as David’s army as described in 1Chr.” The merit of their lineage supports them in war. So far from tradition¹⁵⁵Prophets and Hagiographs, which do not have standing as sources of the law.; from the words of the Torah? “No bastard shall come into the Eternal’s congregation¹⁵⁶Deut. 23:3..” “No person injured in his testicles shall come¹⁵⁷Deut. 23:2. The spelling supports the Yemenite tradition., etc.” What is written afterwards? “When you encamp against your enemies, etc.¹⁵⁸Deut. 23:10, directly after the end of the rules of exclusion from endogamous marriage. It is explicit in the Babli (Yebamot 4a) that the order of verses in Deut. is important for the correct interpretation. The implication is that only persons of impeccable lineage should be admitted to the Eternal’s army.”

MISHNAH: He shall not add wives¹⁶⁸Deut. 17:17., only eighteen¹⁶⁹This is the number of wives David could have had, as explained in the Halakhah.. Rebbi Jehudah says, he may have many on condition that they not deflect his mind¹⁷⁰Deut. 17:17 reads: And he shall not add wives, lest his mind be deflected (from his religious duties.) If the prohibition were absolute, it would not need a rationale.. Rebbi Simeon says, he should not marry even one if she deflects his mind¹⁷¹R. Simeon in principle objects to R. Jehudah’s argument. For him, every biblical commandment has a rationale indicated in the text, even if it is not explicit (Babli 21a). Therefore, lest his mind be deflected is a commandment in itself. Hence, 18 wives is the maximum permitted to a king under any circumstances.. Then why was it said, he shall not add wives? Even one like Abigail¹⁷²Who prevented David from sinning, cf. Halakhah 3. Since she predicted that David would be king, she is counted as a prophetess (Seder Olam Chap. 2)..
He shall not add horses¹⁷³Deut. 17:16., over and above what he needs for his chariots. And silver and gold he shall not add excessively¹⁶⁸Deut. 17:17., over and above what he needs for his payroll¹⁷⁴Greek ὀψώνιον, Latin obsonium,“victuals, allowance, gratuity”, here taken as allowances for everybody on the king’s payroll.. And he shall write a Torah scroll¹⁷⁵Deut. 17:18. for himself. If he goes to war, it is with him; if he returns, it is with him; if he sits in court, it is with him; if he sits down for dinner, it is with him, as it is said: It shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life¹⁷⁶Deut. 17:19..
One does not ride on his horse, nor does one sit on his throne, nor does one use his scepter. One may not see him when he is barbered, nor when he is naked, nor when he is in the bath, as it is said¹⁷⁷Deut. 17:15.: You certainly shall put a king over you, that his fear be upon you.

Rebbi Ḥizqiah was walking on a road when he met a Samaritan who asked him, Rabbi, are you not the head of the Jews? He answered him, yes. He said to him, look what is written: You certainly shall put a king over yourself¹⁷⁷Deut. 17:15.. It does not say “I shall put”, but “you shall put”, you appoint him over yourself²²⁹For him the role of king and all appointed officers, including rabbis, is one of human convention, without religious meaning..