Talmud su Deuteronomio 31:12

HALAKHAH: “All are obligated to appear,” etc. The Mishnah is about the sacrifice of appearance³While it is an obligation to appear in the Temple on one of the holidays of pilgrimage, it is sinful to enter there without bringing a personal sacrifice during the holiday (as specified in Mishnah 2), Ex. 34:20., but the child is obligated in the personal appearance⁴The obligation of Ex. 34:20 cannot apply to children, who are not subject to monetary obligations. They also cannot be obligated in any other way, but their parents are obligated to instruct them to do the right things. Quoted by Rashi ad2a.. From the following, assemble the people, men, women, and toddlers⁵Deut. 31:12.. And are not children⁶The expression קטן in the Mishnah is used to designate children with a measure of understanding, in contrast to תינוק. older than toddlers?

The deaf-mute. ¹⁰This text also appears in Terumot1:2, Notes 94–102 (ת), Yebamot 12:5, Note 104 (י). The colleagues in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: So they should hear and learn¹¹Deut. 31:12.. So far one who speaks but cannot hear; what about one who hears but cannot speak? Rebbi Ila in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: So they should learn, so they should teach¹²Excluding the mute who cannot teach. Babli 3a.. Rebbi Jonah said, this means that the principles of Rebbi are no principles, since we have stated¹³Mishnah Terumot 1:2.: “A ḥereš who speaks and does not hear should not give heave” and we thought that one who speaks but does not hear is ḥereš, one who hears but does not speak is [not]¹⁴To be deleted as shown by the parallel texts. ḥereš. But we have stated:¹⁵Mishnah Yebamot 12:5. “Ḥaliṣah is invalid if performed for a ḥereš man, or by a ḥereš woman, or by a woman for an underage male.” And Rebbi Joḥanan said, because they cannot say he shall say¹⁶Deut. 25:8., she shall say¹⁷Deut. 25:9. Without these declarations the procedure is invalid. Therefore the deaf but not mute may participate in valid ḥaliṣah. Babli Yebamot104b.. We also have stated¹³Mishnah Terumot 1:2.: “A ḥereš mentioned anywhere by the Sages is a deaf-mute.” This supports Rebbi Jonah, for Rebbi Jonah said that the principles of Rebbi are no principles¹⁸Since the use of ḥereš as a technical term is inconsistent in the Mishnah..

Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya asked before Rebbi Ze`ira: May one send one’s appearance sacrifice⁵⁸Which is required (Note 53) and its minimal value determined in Mishnah 2. May one satisfy the obligation of appearance by paying another person to present the sacrifice in the payor’s name? by another person? He said to him, let us hear from the following: “Those afflicted by scabies or polyps⁵⁹Greek πολύπους “multipede”, according to the commentators of the Babli a putrid growth on the nose which is extremely bad smelling. are exempt from appearance, since it is written you shall come there and bring there⁶⁰Deut. 12:5–6. You shall come is in singular form, to be interpreted as collective. You shall bring is in the plural, addressed to every pilgrim separately. This version exempts everybody unable to join a group, in this case because of his unbearable body smell (Babli 4b).. The impure is exempt from appearance since it is written, when all of Israel comes⁶¹Deut. 31:12., etc. The one able to come with all of Israel brings; the one unable to come with all of Israel does not bring.” Could he not send his appearance sacrifice by another person? Rebbi Yose said, this implies that he may not send his appearance sacrifice by another person. Rebbi Shammai asked, or maybe the other way. Those afflicted by scabies or polyps (are exempt from appearance, since it is written when all of Israel comes. Rebbi Shammai turned around and said, Those afflicted by scabies or polyps) even though they cannot come with all of Israel, they can come by themselves⁶²Since coming and bringing are mentioned in separate verses, they are separate obligations. The person who smells bad is exempt from joining a group but still obligated to appear in the Temple.. The impure one is unable to come by himself and with all of Israel⁶³He is prohibited from bringing a sacrifice and exempt from joining a group which he would contaminate by his touch..