Talmud su Levitico 16:15

MISHNAH: In any case⁵⁶This refers to violations of the laws of purity (Note 2). A sacrifice to atone for such a violation, either by entering the Sanctuary in a state of impurity or eating sacra in such a state, is possible only if the violation occurred while the perpetrator was oblivious of his state (Lev. 5:2–3). This implies that at some earlier time he was aware of his state. If he never remembers, clearly he has no occasion to bring a sacrifice. where there is knowledge at the start and knowledge at the end but forgetting in between there is an increasing or decreasing [sacrifice]⁵⁷Depending of the perpetrator’s wealth as explained in Lev. 5:1–13.. If there was knowledge at the start but no knowledge at the end, the he-goat whose blood in brought inside⁵⁸Lev. 16:15–16. and the Day of Atonement⁵⁹If there is no Temple, the Day of Atonement protects the perpetrator from judgment by the Heavenly Court. suspend until it becomes a certainty for him and he brings an increasing or decreasing one⁶⁰The Day of Atonement suspends but does not eliminate the obligation; there is no statute of limitations..

It is written¹⁰³Lev. 16:15, about the blood of the he-goat., he shall sprinkle it on the cover. I could think on its top, the verse says, in front of the cover. I could think on its front, the verse says, on, in front of¹⁰⁴Therefore the blood of the he-goat must be sprinkled both on and in front of the cover. No numbers are indicated.. Rebbi Zeˋira said, it needs to touch; Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac said, it does not need to touch. Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya said, the reason of Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac: he shall sprinkle it on the cover and in front of the cover. Since “the cover” mentioned there¹⁰⁵About the bull, where it is spelled out (v. 14) that the High Priest with his finger sprinkles to the East towards the front of the cover and seven times in front of the cover. means in front of but not on its top and it does not need to touch, also “the cover” mentioned here¹⁰⁶About the he-goat’s blood (v. 15). means in front of but not on its top and it does not need to touch. Rebbi Yose said, Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya thinks that the upwards sprinkling of the he-goat is inferred from the upwards sprinkling of the bull, but it is not so, but the upwards sprinkling of the he-goat is inferred from the downwards sprinkling of the bull¹⁰⁷Therefore the disagreement between R. Zeˋira and R. Samuel bar Rav Isaac remains open.:

¹⁰⁸Sifra Aḥare Parashah 3(3–7), Babli 55a.“He shall sprinkle it¹⁰³Lev. 16:15, about the blood of the he-goat., [in front of the cover]¹⁰⁹Unjustified addition by the corrector., this teaches that he gives a single one upwards¹¹⁰The singular “it” implies a single sprinkling.. In front of the cover, I do not know how many¹¹¹No numbers are mentioned in Lev. 16:15.. So I am arguing: It mentions giving the bull’s blood downwards, and it mentions giving the he-goat’s blood downwards. Since giving the bull’s blood downwards as mentioned is seven times¹¹²Explicit in Lev. 16:14., so giving the he-goat’s blood downwards as mentioned must be seven times. Or go in the following way: Blood is mentioned upwards and blood is mentioned downwards. Since the blood mentioned upwards is once, so the blood mentioned downwards must be once. Let us see to what it is comparable. One argues downwards from downwards; one does not argue downwards from upwards. Or go in the following way: One argues he-goat’s blood from he-goat’s blood; but one does not argue he-goat’s blood from bull’s blood. The verse says, he shall treat its blood as he treated the bull’s blood. Since the bull’s blood is downwards seven times, also the he-goat’s blood is downwards seven times. But I do not know how many times to give the bull’s blood upwards. Giving the blood upwards is mentioned for the he-goat and giving the blood upwards is mentioned for the bull. Since giving the blood upwards as mentioned for the he-goat is once, so giving the blood upwards as mentioned for the bull is once. Or go in the following way: Blood is mentioned downwards; blood is mentioned upwards. Since the blood mentioned downwards is seven, so the blood mentioned upwards must be seven. Let us see to what it is similar. One argues upwards from upwards; one does not argue upwards from downwards. Or go in the following way: One argues bull’s blood from bull’s blood; but one does not argue bull’s blood from he-goat’s blood. The verse says, he shall treat its blood as he treated the bull’s blood, that all its works be the same. Since the bull’s blood is seven times downwards, also the he-goat’s blood is seven times downwards. Since the he-goat’s blood is once upwards, also the bull’s blood is once upwards¹¹³The number of sprinklings are uniquely determined, upwards by inference from v. 15, downwards explicitly in v.14..”