Talmud su Levitico 18:17

MISHNAH: The following are to be burned: one who copulates with a woman and her daughter,¹Lev. 20:14. and the daughter of a Cohen who committed adultery²Lev. 21:9.. In the category of a woman and her daughter are included his daughter, his daughter’s daughter, his son’s daughter, his wife’s daughter, her daughter’s daughter, and her son’s daughter³Lev. 18:17 includes relations with a woman and her granddaughter with the prohibition of a woman and her daughter. The Mishnaiot in the Babli and most independent Mishnah mss. include mention of the mother and the grandmother-in-law. This is logically redundant.. The following are to be beheaded: the murderer,⁴Chapter 7, Note 4. and the inhabitants of a seduced town⁵Deut. 13:16; Halakhot 7:1,10:7,8..

MISHNAH: Fifteen [categories of] women¹Deut. 25:5 requires that the widow of any man who died without legitimate or illegitimate issue be married by the man’s brother. If, however, that brother is forbidden one of the deceased’s wives by the incest prohibition of Lev. 18 or the rules of Deut. 25:5–10, she may not be married by the brother to whom she is forbidden. free their co-wives²The House of Hillel hold that if one widow is forbidden, all co-widows are forbidden. This is not accepted by the House of Shammai, Mishnah 6. and the co-wives of their co-wives from ḥalîṣah and levirate forever³If one of three brothers had married the second brother’s daughter and another woman, died childless, the other wife was married by the third brother who already had another wife, if the third also dies childless both of his widows are forbidden because one of them is forbidden. This scenario can be extended to n polygamous brothers; n arbitrary.. They are the following: one’s daughter⁴This statement seems to be needed only for an illegitimate daughter, except the daughter from a gentile or a slave woman who are not legally his relatives (Rashi ad loc.). Legitimate children are covered by Lev. 18:17. However, the Yerushalmi (Note 135) does not make any distinction between legitimate and illegitimate daughters.
Sadducees (followed by Karaites and Christians) did forbid marriage with a niece since marriage with an aunt is a biblical prohibition and they held that the incest prohibitions of Lev. 18 are gender symmetric. Pharisaic opinion is that “one does not introduce punishable offence by argument;” what is written is forbidden, what is not written is not (biblically) forbidden., his daughter’s daughter and his son’s daughter⁵Lev. 18:10., his wife’s daughter and her daughter‘s daughter and her son’s daughter⁶Lev. 18:17: “The genitals of a women and her daughter (including mother-in-law and wife) you may not [both] uncover, her son’s daughter (wife’s granddaughter or wife as paternal grandmother’s daughter) or her daughter’s daughter (this forbids the wife’s maternal grandmother) you may not marry to uncover her genitals; they are relatives, it is tabu.”, his mother-in-law and his mother-in-law’s mother and his father-in-law’s mother, his sister⁷This is needed only for the maternal halfsister (Lev. 18:9) married to a paternal halfbrother. It will be established that the levirate applies only to paternal brothers; the first marriage of the halfsister was legitimate. and his maternat aunt⁸Lev. 18:13. and his wife’s sister⁹Lev. 18:18., his maternal halfbrother’s wife¹⁰Lev. 18:16. It is assumed that the halfbrother died or divorced his wife who then married a paternal halfbrother of the man in question to whom she was not related. The earlier marriage to the maternal halfbrother forbade her permanently to the levir, the brother-in-law on the husband’s side.
Since in Deut. 25, “brother” is assumed to mean “paternal brother”, it needs some discussion in the Halakhah why in Lev. 18 “brother” may mean “maternal or paternal brother” since the usual stance is that in legal texts one word can have only one meaning., the wife of his brother who did not live in his world¹¹Deut. 25:5 introduces the rules of the levirate with the statement “If brothers live together”. This means that a brother born after the death of another cannot marry the widow of the deceased, i. e., the childless widow does not have to wait until the newborn baby grows up to marry her but, if there is no other brother, she may immediately marry outside the family., and his daughter-in-law¹²This is obvious (Lev. 18:15) except for the case that the son had died and his widow married a brother of her father-in-law unrelated to her. The prohibition of 18:15 is permanent; the earlier marriage to the son forbade her permanently to the father-in-law..

The following are the forbidden relatives in the second degree: his father’s mother, his mother’s mother,⁵⁰The Bible only prohibits a man’s mother and the Rabbis extended the prohibition to his mother’s mother on account of his mother. His father’s mother is likewise prohibited as they are both called ‘grand-mothers’. the wife of his mother’s father, the wife of his father’s father,⁵¹The previous note applies here mutatis mutandis. the wife of his son’s son, the wife of his daughter’s son, the wife of a father’s maternal brother, the wife of a mother’s paternal brother. Bar Ḳappara adds the mother of his father’s father and the mother of his mother’s father. The wife of his father’s brother is forbidden to him⁵²Lev. 18, 14. but the daughter [his cousin] is permitted to him; his father’s brother is permitted to marry his⁵³The nephew’s. wife or his daughter; the wife of his mother’s brother is forbidden to him but his daughter is permitted to him. His mother’s brother is permitted to marry [the nephew’s] wife or daughter.
A man is permitted to marry the wife of his father-in-law⁵⁴Cf. Yeb. 21a (Sonc. ed., p. 124). and the wife of his son-in-law, but the Sages said that the wife of his father-in-law is not permitted to him because of appearance’s sake; [the mother-in-law’s] daughter is permitted to him.⁵⁵After the death of her sister, his wife. A man may not marry the daughter of his stepson,⁵⁶It is forbidden in Lev. 18, 17, and is not an incest of the second degree. It is only included here on account of the clause that follows. Cf. Yeb. loc. cit. but [the stepson’s] wife is permitted to him. His stepson is permitted to marry [the stepfather’s] wife and daughter. A man may marry the wife of his brother’s son and the wife of his sister’s son.⁵⁷This is a repetition of what is stated above in connection with a nephew’s wife and daughter. [A table of prohibited marriages is provided in Hertz, The Pentateuch and Haftorahs, Leviticus, pp. 186f., Sonc. ed., p. 559.]