Talmud su Neemia 8:15

Similarly said Rebbi Jehudah, “you should dwell in huts⁷⁸The reference obviously is to Lev.23:42 where the text reads either בַּסֻּכֹּ֥ת תֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ or יֵֽשְׁב֖וּ בַּסֻּכֹּֽת. The quote is correct in Sifra Emor Pereq 17(10) but incorrect in Midrash Haggadol (Note 71) p. 763. The reference is to the holiday of Tabernacles.,” a hut made of anything. For Rebbi Jehudah was saying, it is an argument de minore ad majus that the hut should come only from the Four Kinds⁷⁹This can only mean that the thatched roof of the hut, which must be of vegetal material, should be composed of willow, myrrh, or palm branches. The fourth kind, the fruit of the hadar tree (Lev. 23:40), probably cannot be used for this purpose. [In medieval Germany the roof of the festival hut usually was covered with willow branches, Sefer Maharil (ed. S. J. Spitzer, Jerusalem 1989, p. 363)].. Since the lulav which is not used in nights as in days may come only from the Four Kinds, it is only logical that a hut which is used by nights as well as by days should come only from the Four Kinds. They told Rebbi Jehudah, any argument de minore ad majus which you argue in the beginning as a restriction but it turns out in the end to be a leniency is no argument de minore ad majus. As a consequence, if he did not find of the Four Kinds, should he sit without a hut? But the Torah said, “you should dwell in huts,” a hut made of anything. [And so Ezra said⁸⁰Neh. 8:15. The proof is from the continuation of the verse, not quoted in the text: Bring olive leaves, and oil-wood leaves, and myrrh leaves, and palm leaves, and ˋavot-tree leaves, to make huts as it is written. Corrector’s addition from the parallel sources., they informed and did proclaim in all cities and in Jerusalem, go to the mountain, etc.]

HALAKHAH: ⁵²Sifra Emor Pereq15(7), Babli 34b.“Rebbi Ismael explained, ¹Lev.23:40: You shall take for yourselves on the First Day a fruit of the splendor tree, date-tree palms, a branch of the rope tree, and brook-willows. The lulav is the young palm branch. While in the verse it is called “palm”, because the leaves of the palm-tree spread out from the spine of the branch like fingers of a hand, it is traditional to take a young branch with the leaves still tightly clinging to its spine. From this the name לולב “tube” (cf. Note 27).a fruit of the splendor tree, one. Date-palm roped, one⁵³He reads the verse in accordance with R. Tarphon, Note 27. The clause is in the singular.. A branch of the rope tree, three⁵⁴While “branch” is in the singular, there are three words to describe the myrtle branch.. And brook-willows, two⁵⁵As always, an unspecified plural means “2”, the smallest number > 1.. And two lifted ones; one which is not truncated. Rebbi Tarphon says, even if all three are truncated.” Rebbi Abba bar Mamal asked before Rebbi Immi: Since Rebbi Ismael adds for the myrtle⁵⁶While R. Ismael seems to accept that only one myrtle branch is really needed since עֲנַף is a singular, the additional two being inferred from the additional words used in his characterization requiring two additional branches, it is difficult to understand why he requires only one lulav and only one etrog instead of two each., should he not add for the other kinds? He answered, you are thinking that Rebbi Ismael thinks that truncated is splendor, and we have stated, “Rebbi Tarphon says, even if all three are truncates.” Nobody says “even” if he does not accept the preceding statement⁵⁷Since R. Tarphon and R. Ismael agree in the interpretation of the verse, the requirement that one branch be not truncated for R. Ismael is a rabbinic requirement, not derived from the verse.. Rebbi Ḥaggai asked before Rebbi Jose: What does Rebbi Tarphon add to the words of Rebbi Ismael? He answered him, Rebbi Ismael does not think that truncated is splendor, but Rebbi Tarphon thinks that truncated is splendor. When Rebbi Yasa came up here he saw them being selective about myrtle branches⁵⁸That they should not be truncated and tightly cover the stem of the branch.. He said, why are the Westerners selective about myrtle branches? He had not heard thar Rebbi Simon said in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: And they made known and proclaimed in all cities⁵⁹Neh. 8:15. In the verse, myrtle and branches of the `avot tree are mentioned separately. How can they be identified? etc. Myrtle is not the same as rope tree, but myrtle is for the sukkah, and rope tree for the lulav<sup>60</sup>Since the rope tree was mentioned in the Torah as part of the “four kinds” to be taken on the first day, “myrtle” must refer to a kind not satisfying the criteria specified in Halakhah 2 which only may be used for roofing the sukkah. Babli 12a.. Rebbi Ze`ira blew it⁶¹At the time of shofar blowing on New Year’s Day he instructed on the requirement for a qualified myrtle..