Talmud su Proverbi 23:10

MISHNAH: What are dropped berries⁴⁸Here starts the discussion of the duty to give single berries to the poor, Lev. 19:10.? Anything that drops during vintage. If he was gathering grapes, cut off the bunch, it got mixed up in the leaves, fell to the ground and scattered⁴⁹By accident., that belongs to the proprietor. He who puts a basket under the vine while he is gathering grapes robs the poor, and about him it was said⁵⁰Cf. Mishnah 5:5. (Prov. 22:28, 23:10): “Do not displace an eternal boundary.”
What is a gleaning⁵⁵In the Torah, עלל is used exclusively for vines (Lev. 19:10, Deut.24:21). In Arabic, the root means “going over the harvest a second time” in general. of grapes? Anything that has no shoulder and no dropping⁵⁶The Halakhah explains these terms.. If it has either shoulder or dropping it belongs to the proprietor, in case of doubt it belongs to the poor. A gleaning on a cut branch, if it can be cut off together with a bunch it belongs to the proprietor, otherwise to the poor. An isolated berry, Rebbi Jehudah says, it is considered a bunch⁵⁷According to the Halakhah more than three isolated berries together form a bunch for R. Jehudah., but the sages say, a gleaning.

HALAKHAH: A woman pregnant by another man or nursing another man’s [child],” etc. A man should not marry a woman pregnant by another man or nursing another man’s [child], but if he did marry her, the verse says about him⁴⁸Prov. 23:10.: “Do not remove the eternal boundaries and do not enter the orphans’ field.” He who marries a woman pregnant by another man or nursing another man’s [child] has to divorce her and should never retake her, the words of Rebbi Meĩr, but the Sages say, he⁴⁴The second husband may live separated from his wife until the baby is weaned and there is no risk that the life of the baby be endangered by another pregnancy and a premature stop of nursing. may separate from her⁴⁹In the Babli (26a, Yebamot 36b), the Sages require a divorce but permit a remarriage. and take her back later. Does Rebbi Meїr always fine people⁵⁰Since he has no biblical source for his prohibition of remarriage, it is purely a punitive measure against people who flout rabbinic maxims. Does he always prohibit remediation for actions of that kind?? Let us hear from the following: ⁵¹Yebamot Chapter 12, Notes 103, 107, 108.“The underage woman who performed ḥalîṣah should repeat ḥalîṣah once she becomes of age but if she did not repeat it, the ḥalîṣah is valid.” Rebbi Mana said it without attribution, Rebbi Isaac the son of Rebbi Ḥiyya the scribe⁵²In Yebamot: מטי בה “turns to it”. The text here seems original. in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan⁵³In Yebamot: R. Jonah. The text here seems original.: It is Rebbi Meїr who said that one does not perform ḥalîṣah or levirate with an underage girl because she might turn out to be a she-ram⁵⁴Since R. Meїr accepts the validity after the fact; he does not always refuse remediation..

MISHNAH: If someone sells his field, the seller is permitted¹⁰⁵If he is poor at harvest time. but the buyer is barred. Nobody should hire a worker on condition that his son may collect gleanings after him¹⁰⁶And for this pay him smaller wages, since he is paying his debts with the money of the poor.. He who does not let the poor collect gleanings, or who lets one person collect but not the other, or helps one of them, robs the poor. On him it was said (Prov. 22:28, 23:10): “Do not displace an eternal boundary¹⁰⁷The implication is from the second part of the verse: “Nor intrude on the land of orphans.” On Prov.22:28, Rashi comments: “Do not displace an eternal boundary,” do not change established usage; our teachers said: He who puts a basket under the vine at harvest time so that the single berries fall into it, on him it is said, do not displace an eternal boundary. On Prov. 24:10, Rashi writes, “Nor intrude on the land of orphans,” the gleanings, forgotten sheaves, and peah which belong to them..”