Tosefta su Esodo 22:78

How [one should understand:] "for the pilgrimage festivals"? [Answer:] It doesn't matter whether he makes a vow, whether someone has it appraised [and appraises the value] or whether someone consecrates, only then does he transgress [the prohibition] ”Thou shalt not tarry” (cf. Ex. 22:28), when the pilgrimage festivals of the whole year have passed. R. Shimon says: The three pilgrimage festivals according to their order and the unleavened bread festival is the first. And likewise, R. Shimon used to say: Sometimes three, sometimes four, sometimes five. How may it happen? [Answer:] Does he take the vow before the Passover, only when the Passover, the Feast of Pentecost, and the Feast of Tabernacles have passed over it. If he take the vow before the Feast of Pentecost, only when the Feast of Pentecost, the Feast of Tabernacles, the Passover, the Feast of Pentecost, and the Feast of Tabernacles have passed. If he takes the vow before the Feast of Tabernacles, only after the Feast of Tabernacles, the Passover, the Feast of Pentecost, and the Feast of Tabernacles above it have passed.

And these are the tereifot (=טרפות, "mortal injuries or defects," lit. "torn flesh" (see Ex. 22:30)): A perforated gullet, a windpipe severed widthwise, behold this is disqualified. Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says, in addition, [an animal] whose nerve tissue was "emptied" [from the spinal cord (Hul. 45b:17)] is disqualified. [An animal that had] a broken spine and a majority of its [spinal] cord was cut is disqualified. [An animal with] a withered lung, or if it no spinal cord is present, is disqualified. Rabbi Ya'akov says, even if it is perforated. If the liver is removed and there does not remain in it [a sufficient quantity of flesh] to allow a scab to form ("כדי להעלות ארוכה," see Kel. 1:5), it is disqualified. [An animal whose] inner stomach is perforated, or where the majority of the outer stomach is torn [is disqualified]. Rabbi Yehudah says, [a tear the size of] one handbreadth in a large [animal], and in a smaller [animal] if most of it [was torn], it is disqualified. And how large [must the stomach be for an animal to be deemed "large"]? Two handbreadths, behold, that is large. Less than that, behold, it is [a] small [animal]. What is the "inner stomach"? Ben Sheila, Head of the Seventy ("ראש שבעים," alt., "ראש טבחים" = "head butcher," see Minchat Yitzchak) testified in Tzippori in the name of Rabbi Nathan: It is the cecum (Hul. 50b:2).

Both the rapist and the man who spread false rumours about his wife's virginity (motzi shem ra), if they divorce [her], they force him to return [her]. If they are priests [and so can't get remarried to someone they divorced], they are lashed with 40 lashes. Whether its the rapist or the seducer, either she or her father can prevent [the marriage], as it is said, "If objecting her father objects" (Shemot 22:16) [proving her father's consent is required] and it is said, "She will be for him a wife" (Shemot 22:19)—i.e. with her consent [as well]. For him you can force, but you can't force him to be a levir.

Both the rapist and the man who spread false rumours about his wife's virginity (motzi shem ra), if they divorce [her], they force him to return [her]. If they are priests [and so can't get remarried to someone they divorced], they are lashed with 40 lashes. Whether its the rapist or the seducer, either she or her father can prevent [the marriage], as it is said, "If objecting her father objects" (Shemot 22:16) [proving her father's consent is required] and it is said, "She will be for him a wife" (Shemot 22:19)—i.e. with her consent [as well]. For him you can force, but you can't force him to be a levir.

One who steals terumah [or] dedicated [produce] but does not eat it pays the principal but does not pay the fifth (i.e., the penalty for misuse of terumah), or double the principal (but see Ter. 6:4), as it is said (Ex. 22:8), "he double to his neighbor," but [it does] not [say double] for dedicated [produce]. [If] he ate the terumah, he pays double the principal and a fifth -- a principal and a fifth from nonconsecrated produce -- and they render it holy like terumah -- and the principal he gives to the treasurer, and the fifth he gives to the property owner [from whom he stole].

Why did they say that damages are evaluated from the best property? Because of robbers and violent men, such that each should say, "Why would I steal? Why would I be violent? For tomorrow the court will evaluate my best field!" They relied on the verse "The best of his field, the best of his vineyard he should pay" (Shemot 22:4).

R. Aha said in the name of R. Akiva. Behold, it says: “If a thief is found tunneling in…” Is the house’s owner certain or uncertain? You must say he is uncertain. If they kill a person to save a life in a case of uncertainty, it is logical that they should push off the Sabbath, in order to save a life in a case of uncertainty. Behold, the commandments were only given to Israel that they might live by them, as it is written “Which a man shall perform and live by them” - he shall live by them, and not die by them. Nothing takes precedence over saving a life, save idolatry, sexual sins, and murder. In which circumstances are these things said? When it is not a time of persecution. But, when it is a time of persecution, even when it comes to the smallest of small commandments, a person should die for it, as it is written: “Do not profane my holy name” (Leviticus 22) and “the Lord made everything for his own sake” (Proverbs 16).