아가 2:13 해설: Rashi

The fig tree has produced its green figs. [To be understood] according to its apparent meaning.

And the grapevines with tender grapes. When the blossom falls, and the grapes become separated from one another, and each grape is discernible by itself, it is called “סְמָדַר.” This entire section, according to its simple meaning, is an expression of a loving seduction, by which a young man appeals to his betrothed to follow him; so did my beloved do to me.

My beloved spoke. Through Moshe.

And said to me. Through Aharon.

Rise up. Hurry yourself, “and let each man borrow from his neighbor.”²²Shemos 11:2.

For behold, the winter is past. These are the four hundred years of [exile]. I skipped them by counting them from Yitzchok’s birth.²³See Rashi in Bereishis 15:13.

The rain. Which is the hardship of winter, is over and gone, i.e., eighty-six years of harsh slavery were decreed upon you, and they have passed. From the time that Miryam was born, the Egyptians intensified the bondage upon Yisroel; and therefore, she was called Miryam [= מִרְיָם, because they made it bitter [=מַר for them.²⁴See Shemos 1:14.

The blossoms have appeared on the land. Behold Moshe and Aharon are available for you to fulfill all your needs.

The time of singing has come. For you are destined to recite a song by the [Reed] Sea.²⁵See Shemos 15:1-19.

The fig tree has produced its green figs. The time to bring the first fruits has arrived, for you will enter the land [of Yisroel].