신명기 11:1의 주석

AND THOU SHALT KEEP HIS CHARGE — to fear Him, that you be heedful of sinning against Him. For after enjoining them concerning the love of G-d,²⁷²At the beginning of this verse: And thou shalt love the Eternal thy G-d. He commands them concerning fear [of Him] and He enjoins the observance of the statutes, ordinances, and commandments. Or it may be that the expression and thou shalt keep His charge means that you are to protect what G-d protects, for He preserveth the strangers,²⁷³Psalms 146:9. is gracious unto the poor²⁷⁴Proverbs 19:17. and the destitute, and He doth execute justice for the fatherless and the widow.²⁷⁵Above, 10:18. As it is said elsewhere, to keep the charge of the Eternal thy G-d, to walk in His ways,²⁷⁶I Kings 2:3. and the Rabbis have said:²⁷⁷Shabbath 133b. “Just as He is gracious and merciful,²⁷⁸Exodus 34:6. so you also be gracious and merciful, etc.”

ושמרת משמרתו, “you shall keep His charge.” Nachmanides understands these words to mean that we must maintain an attitude of reverence and fear even, which will ensure that we will not sin. Having previously commanded us to love Him (G’d), Moses now commands us to fear Him, as familiarity of the beloved might cause the beloved to sin inadvertently. This fear/reverence relationship covers all the various types of commandments in the Torah. Alternatively, this may be a command by Moses to emulate G’d in our relationship with creatures of whom G’d has demonstrated that He is especially solicitous. He declared His concern for the poor, the orphan and the widow, so we must relate to them with equal concern. He practices the virtues of being merciful; hence we, His creatures, must learn to practice that same virtue.

Kap. 11. V. 1. ואהבת schließt sich unmittelbar dem vorigen als Konsequenz an. ושמרת משמרתו Gott hat Israel sein Gesetz als anvertrauten Schatz zur Hut übergeben. וחקתיו dieses Waw bedeutet mit dem folgenden: sowohl als, und stellt die verschiedenen Teile des Gesetzes, die Sittlichkeitsgesetze, die sozialen Rechtsordnungen und die positiven Aufgaben, als durchaus an Dignität völlig gleiche Bestandteile des anvertrauten Schatzes. Mit all dem Großen, was Gott rettend, erhaltend, beglückend, belehrend und bildend für uns getan, wollte er nichts als einen Depositär und Vollbringer seines Gesetzes im Kreise der Völker sich schaffen. In Erfüllung dieser Bestimmung hat Israel seine liebende Hingebung an Gott zu betätigen.