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וַיִּרְא֥וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃
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Rashi on Judges
Headstrong. They acted impetuously, thoughtlessly.
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Rashi on Judges
Near the plain of the pillar. "The plain of monuments"—1This is Targum Yonasan’s translation. A plain in which monuments stood.
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Rashi on Judges
The trees went about resolutely. This is a parable.2Yalkut, 65.
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Rashi on Judges
The olive tree. Asniel ben Kenaz,3Above, 3; 9–11. (Yalkut, ibid) a tribesman of Judah, who are entitled "olive", as it is said, "Refreshed olive tree, with fruit beautiful in appearance, etc."4Yirmiyahu, 11:16. The chapter is addressed to “the men of Yehudah” (v.1).
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Rashi on Judges
The richness of my oil. The connotation here is fattiness.
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Rashi on Judges
To the fig tree. This refers to Devorah.5 Above, 4:4. (Yalkut, ibid.)
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Rashi on Judges
My sweetness. the honey of dates.
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Rashi on Judges
To the grapevine. This refers to Gidon,6Yalkut, ibid. a descendant of Yoseif, of whom it is said, "A flourishing son"—"like a grapevine positioned, etc."7“A flourishing son over a wellspring”. (Bereishis, 49:22). Targum Onkelos there interprets, “like a grapevine positioned over a wellspring.”
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Rashi on Judges
Which brings joy to God. As the Levi'im chant the hymns of glory only during the wine libation ceremony.8Berachos, 35:b.
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Rashi on Judges
The thornbush. "epine" in old French.
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Rashi on Judges
If you genuinely. Because I qualify as a sovereign.
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Rashi on Judges
Ruled. He wielded his authority through repression, and conducted himself arrogantly.
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Rashi on Judges
A malicious sentiment. Hatred. "Talent" in old French.
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Rashi on Judges
Ga'al ben Eved. He was from another nation.
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Rashi on Judges
Indulged in carousals. Performed dances.9This is Targum Yonasan’s translation.
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Rashi on Judges
Who is Avimelech, and who is Shechem. Who is Avimelech to control Shechem, and who is Shechem to be subjugated to Avimelech? Is not Avimelech Yerubaal's son, from Ofros, of the Aviezrites?10
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Rashi on Judges
And his henchman Zevul? The city superintendent, named Zevul, is Avimelech's henchman. His master cannot justify his authority over the city; thus his appointee, as well, is a non-entity.
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Rashi on Judges
Serve the people of Chamor. If you want to get yourselves leaders, come serve the men of Chamor, who ruled the land in early times.11Bereishis, 34:2.
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Rashi on Judges
But why must we serve him? Avimelech.
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Rashi on Judges
He said: For Avimelech. Ga'al declared in the presence of Zevul, "Tell Avimelech."
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Rashi on Judges
Beef up your army and come on out from your place, and let us see how grand you are!
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Rashi on Judges
Clandestinely. As in "cunningly,"12Bereishis, 27:35. "in deceit,"13Yirmiyahu, 8:5. meaning secretively, stealthily.
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Rashi on Judges
Four divisions. Four companies.
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Rashi on Judges
From the promontory of the land. "From the pre-eminence of the land."14This is Targum Yonasan’s translation. From the highest summit of all.
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Rashi on Judges
Elon Meonenim. The plain of Meonenim
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Rashi on Judges
The people went out to the fields. The people of Shechem.
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Rashi on Judges
They informed. Those who gave the information to Avimelech, that the townspeople had gone to the fields to attend to their wants.
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Rashi on Judges
At the entrance to the gateway of the city to block their entry.
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Rashi on Judges
Forest stockade. A forest encircled by twisted trees and branches, called "plisse" in old French.
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Rashi on Judges
Of the temple of the god Beris. The stockade belonged to Baal Beris, the name of their deity. Tzalmon15Mentioned in v. 48., too, owned a forest there. Others interpret צֽרִיחַ as "voutes" in old French, "bunker," dug into the ground.
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Rashi on Judges
The overhang of a tree. The branch of a tree.
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Rashi on Judges
A pestle shard. A fragment of upper grinding stone called "pestle" [lit. "rider.16As the upper pestle stone “rides” the lower mortar stone. (Metzudos).].
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Rashi on Judges
And smashed. Crushed.17תָּרָץ is usually translated as “ran”. Here, however, the translation is “crushed”, or “smashed”.
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Rashi on Judges
Lest it be said of me. Lest it be said concerning me.18לי is not translated as “to me,” but as “concerning me.”
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