레위기 8:30의 주석

AND MOSES TOOK OF THE ANOINTING OIL, AND OF THE BLOOD WHICH WAS UPON THE ALTAR [AND SPRINKLED IT UPON AARON etc.]. I do not know whether he mixed [the oil with the blood] for these sprinklings, something like that which it says, and he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and of the blood of the goat, and put it upon the horns of the altar.²¹⁴Further, 16:18. The accepted opinion in the Talmud (Yoma 57 b) is that he mixed the two together. Nor has it become clear to me why Moses performed these sprinklings after the burning of the ram of consecration, for in the section containing the command about the consecration Services He mentioned first the sprinklings,²¹⁵Exodus 29:21. and only afterwards He said, And thou shalt take of the ram the fat, and the fat tail.²¹⁶Ibid., Verse 22. Perhaps since He said there [in the same verse where He mentioned these sprinklings], and he [Aaron] and his garments shall be hallowed, and his sons and his sons’ garments with him,²¹⁵Exodus 29:21. Moses deduced that these sprinklings were the last things to be done to them, through which they would become completely holy, for in connection with anointing the priests He did not mention the term “hallowed,” nor in connection with the placing of the blood upon their thumbs.²¹⁷Ibid., Verse 20. [Therefore, since it is only stated in connection with the sprinklings of the oil and the blood that the priests are to become hallowed, Moses deduced that this was to be done after the burning of the ram of consecration.] And when it says here [immediately following Moses’ pouring the anointing oil upon Aaron’s head], and he anointed him, to sanctify him,²¹⁸Verse 12. it was not a complete sanctification until Moses had done the sprinklings, even as it says [in the verse before us, after he had done the sprinklings], and he sanctified Aaron, and his garments, and his sons. Thus he completed the sanctification of the father and sons together by means of these sprinklings. The Rabbis have also said so in the Torath Kohanim:²¹⁹Torath Kohanim, Tzav Milu’im 34. “And he sanctified Aaron. From here you learn that the sanctification of Aaron and his sons was completed only with the sprinkling of the blood.”

ויקח משה משמן המשחה ומן הדם אשר על המזבח, “Moses took from the oil of the anointing, and from the blood on the altar, etc.” Nachmanides writes that it is not clear to him why the procedure of sprinkling the oil and blood on Aaron and his sons was delayed until after the burning up of the מילואים offerings that required this. When you compare the directives Moses had received concerning these offerings, you will find that the sprinklings are mentioned prior to the burning up of the parts on the altar that required this. (Compare Exodus 29,21). Possibly, the reason is that during the directives the Torah speaks of the priests and their garments becoming sanctified as a result of this sprinkling. From this wording Moses might have concluded that the final stage in the sanctification of the priests and their garments would not be attained until then. It is a fact that during the directives in chapter 29 of Exodus no mention is made of sanctification. [I believe the author means that no procedure there is described as specifically designed to sanctify the priest, as for instance portions of the meat of the איל המילואים are specifically described as undergoing sanctification procedure (verse 27.] In connection with putting the blood from the sacrifice on Aaron’s right ear or big toe, we also do not encounter the word קדוש at all. When we read in verse 12 of our chapter וימשח אותו לקדשו, that Moses anointed him in order to sanctify him, we must assume that this was only a partial sanctification, and that the procedure would only be completed with ויקדש את אהרן את בגדיו ואת בגדי בניו אתו , “he sanctified Aaron, his garments, and his sons and their garments at the same time.” Sanctification of father and sons was described as being complete as a result of these sprinklings.

ויקח משה משמן המשחה, Moses took some of the anointing oil;” here the Torah speaks of after he had burned up the fat parts of the second ram and its fatty tail and the remainder of the kidneys and the right thigh, Moses took some of the anointing oil and sprinkled it on Aaron and his sons, whereas in the text describing that Moses was commanded what to do and how, this procedure in Exodus29,21, the procedure is described as in the reverse order. (Nachmanides raised the same point and attempted to answer the apparent contradiction)