וּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֮ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַיִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתֻּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־פְּדָה צֽוּר׃ (פ)
화목제물로 소 둘과 수양 다섯과 수염소 다섯과 일 년 된 어린 수양 다섯이라 이는 브다술의 아들 가말리엘의 예물이었더라
Pesikta Rabbati
And Elijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom the word of the Lord came, saying, Israel shall be your name (41:18:31). May our Rabbis teach us that Rosh Chodesh, which began to be in Hanukkah, since there are no Musafin prayers in Hanukkah, whoever prays the Musafin prayer, what should be mentioned about Hanukkah? Our Rabbis taught us that Rabbi Simon, in the name of Rabbi Yehoshua, said that Rosh Chodesh, which began to be in Hanukkah, even though there is no Musafin in Hanukkah, but in the Rabach, should be mentioned about Hanukkah in the Musafin prayer. Shabbat, which began to be in Hanukkah, even though there is no Musafin in Hanukkah, but in the Shabbat, should be mentioned about Hanukkah in the Musafin prayer. And where does he mention in the confession: You have found all the miracles that the Holy One, blessed be He, did for Israel and will do for them through the merit of the tribes, even the Temple will be built through the merit of the tribes, as it is said, Jerusalem is built (Psalms 122:3). What did he write after him that there were tribes there (Ibid. 4) and likewise everything that the Holy One, blessed be He, created through the merit of the tribes? The Tribes (Genesis) [Genesis] You find twelve months in the year, twelve constellations in the sky, twelve hours of the day and twelve hours of the night, said the Holy One, blessed be He, even the upper and lower ones, I did not create but by the merit of the tribes, for thus it is written, all these my hands have made (Isaiah 66:2). By the merit of all these, the tribes of Israel are twelve (Genesis 49:28) (hence the twelve constellations, twelve hours). Therefore, when Elijah came to bring Israel under the wings of the Shekhinah, he took twelve stones for the number of the tribes and built them an altar from the number of what he completed with the prophet. And Elijah took twelve stones for the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob: [And Elijah took twelve stones] Thus began Rabbi Tanchuma (Yerushalmi) [in Rabbi Abba] And by the prophet the Lord brought Israel up from Egypt (Hosea 12:14) this is Moses, and by the prophet Nishem (Ibid.) this is Elijah. You find two prophets who stood up for Israel from his tribe. Of Levi, Moses was the first and Elijah the last (redeemed) [and both redeemed] Israel by mission. Moses redeemed them from Egypt by mission. And now go, and I will send you to Pharaoh, etc. (Exodus 3:10) and Elijah redeemed them for the future to come by mission. Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet, etc. (Malachi 3:23) Moses, who redeemed them from Egypt at first, did not yet return and became enslaved in Egypt. And Elijah, when he redeemed them from the fourth generation of Edom, did not yet return and become enslaved, but [it is] eternal salvation. And the origin of Moses and Elijah is similar to each other in every way. Moses is a prophet. Elijah is a prophet. Moses is called a man of God (Deuteronomy 33:1) and Elijah is called a man of God (1 Kings 17:18) Moses went up and Elijah went up, as it is said, And it came to pass in the ascension, that Elijah (Ibid. 2:21) and Moses killed the Egyptian, and Elijah killed Hiel, and blamed Baal and died (Hosea 13:1) Moses (was confused) [We were deceived] by a woman by the daughter of Jethro, they called him and he ate bread (Exodus 2:20) and Elijah (was confused) [We were deceived] by the woman, "Please bring me a loaf of bread" (1 Kings 17:11) Moses fled from Pharaoh and Elijah fled from Jezebel Moses fled and came to a well and Elijah fled and came to a well as it is written and he arose and went etc. and came to Beersheba (Ibid. 19:3) Moses and the cloud covered him six days (Exodus 24:16) and Elijah went up in a whirlwind and was in the ascension etc. (2 Kings 2:1) Of Moses it was said whether these as many as men should die (Numbers 16:29) and of Elijah the Lord God of Israel lives [before whom I have stood] if there will be [these years] dew and rain except according to my word (1 Kings 17:1) in Moses and the Lord passed over him (Exodus 34:6) And in Elijah, and behold, the Lord passed by (1 Kings 19:11) in Moses, and he heard the voice (Numbers 7:59) and in Elijah, and behold, a voice came to him, etc. (1 Kings 13) Moses gathered Israel to Mount Sinai, and Elijah gathered them to Mount Carmel, Moses in the forest of Obadiah, 7:15, "Put every man his sword on his thigh, etc. (Exodus 32:27) and Elijah in the forest, 7:15, and he seized the prophets of Baal and slaughtered them. Moses was jealous, who is for the Lord to me (I Kings 32:26) and Elijah was jealous, and Elijah said to all the people, "Come near to me, please" (1 Kings 18:30) Moses was buried in a cave, and I put you in the cleft of the rock (Exodus 33:22) and Elijah was buried in a cave, and he spent the night there, as it is written, and he came to the cave and spent the night there (1 Kings 19:9) in Moses and he came to the mountain of God (Exodus 3:1) and in Elijah and he came to the mountain of God (Kings 32:1) 8) Moses came to the wilderness and Elijah came to the wilderness and he was walking into the wilderness (Isa. 4:11). Moses spoke with him through an angel and the angel of the Lord appeared to him (Exodus 3:2) and Elijah through an angel and behold, it was an angel (Kings 5:11). Moses stayed forty days and forty nights without eating or drinking, and so Elijah walked in the strength of that eating for forty days. Moses set up the sundial on this day, saying, "I will put away your fear," etc. (Deuteronomy 2:30). And Elijah set up the sundial today, "Today know that you are God in Israel." (1 Kings 18:36). Moses prayed for Israel, "Do not destroy your people and your inheritance." (Deuteronomy 9:26). And Elijah prayed for Israel, "Hear me, O Lord, hear me," and "And you have turned back," etc. (Kings 37). When Moses prayed for Israel, he grasped the right of the fathers, remembering Abraham, Isaac, and Israel (Exodus 32:13). And so did Elijah, "The Lord is the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel" (Kings 1:11). 36) Moses, the Israelites received from him the love of the place where all the word of the Lord was done and heard (Exodus 24:7) and Elijah received from him the love of the place where it is said, "The Lord is God" (Kings 39). Moses made a tabernacle in the house of the seed, and Elijah made a way (interpretation of a path) in the house of the seed. In one thing we have seen, Moses is greater than Elijah, whom Moses said to, "And you are here, stand by me" (Deuteronomy 5:28) and to Elijah, "What are you doing here, Elijah" (1 Kings 19:9). Moses brought down the fire, and Elijah brought down the fire. When Moses brought down the fire, all Israel stood and watched (it). And all the people saw it and were amazed (Leviticus 9:24) [And Elijah and all the people saw it and fell on their faces] (1 Kings 18:39) Moses built an altar and Elijah built an altar. Moses called the name of the Lord (the altar) [for the altar] and called his name there. The Lord did miracles (Exodus 17:15) and Elijah there the altar of the Lord and placed the stones in the name of the Lord (1 Kings 32). When Moses built the altar, he built it with twelve stones, as it is said: And Elijah took twelve stones [and]: [And Elijah took twelve stones and] Isaiah 65:5 (to Israel) The heavens are my throne and the earth is my footstool (Isaiah 66:1) At the end of Isaiah's prophecy, this verse was prophesied, and when was it prophesied in the days of Manasseh, because Manasseh had brought the image into the temple, Isaiah began to prophesy to Israel and said to them, "Why do you boast about me in this house that you have built for me? The upper and lower do not hold my glory. And this house that you have built for me, I need what house that you will build for me (there)?" Nebuchadnezzar is coming and destroying it and exposing you. Immediately Manasseh was angry with him and said to them, "Seize him." They ran after him to seize him. He fled from before them. The cherub itself opened and swallowed him up. Rabbi Yitzchak, son of Hanina, son of Papa, said:
Bamidbar Rabbah
“His offering was one silver dish, its weight one hundred and thirty; one silver basin of seventy shekels, in the sacred shekel; both of them full of high-quality flour mixed with oil as a meal offering” (Numbers 7:55).
“His offering was one silver dish [kaarat]…” – do not read it as kaarat, but rather as akart, corresponding to Jacob, who extracted [akar] the birthright49The birthright refers to the extra portion of the inheritance that the eldest son received. from Reuben and gave it to Joseph: “I have given you one portion more than your brothers…” (Genesis 48:22). “Silver” – just as it says: “The tongue of the righteous is choice silver” (Proverbs 10:20), just as he50Silver alludes to the statement made by Jacob, who was righteous. said: “Ephraim and Manasseh will be for me like Reuben and Simeon” (Genesis 48:5). “Its weight one hundred and thirty” – when Jacob descended to Egypt on account of Joseph, he was one hundred and thirty years old, as it is stated: “Jacob said to Pharaoh: The days of the years of my residence are one hundred and thirty years” (Genesis 47:9).
“One silver basin [mizrak]” – corresponding to Joseph, who was cast [shenizrak] from his father and sold to Egypt. “Silver” – after: “The tongue of the righteous is choice silver” (Proverbs 10:20) – what he said to his father51Silver alludes to the statement made by Joseph, who was righteous.: “Joseph said to his father: Not so, my father, as this is the firstborn; place your right hand upon his head” (Genesis 48:18). “Seventy shekels, in the sacred shekel” – as it was through him that seventy people descended to Egypt. “Both of them full…” – Jacob and Joseph, both of them were full-fledged righteous men and both produced tribes.
“One gold ladle of ten shekels, filled with incense” (Numbers 7:56).
“One gold ladle of ten shekels…” – corresponding to the ten districts of Manasseh, as it is stated: “Ten districts fell to Manasseh” (Joshua 17:5).
“One young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year, as a burnt offering” (Numbers 7:57).
“One goat as a sin offering” (Numbers 7:58).
“One young bull, one ram [one lamb in its first year, as a burnt offering]; one goat…” – these52This is a reference to the three burnt offerings. are three corresponding to the three generations that Joseph saw from Manasseh that received a portion in the land,53This is a reference to the fact that there were three major families named after the three generations following Manasseh, in addition to the family which was named after Manasseh himself. Therefore, the phrase “the sons of Makhir” refers to Makhir himself, Gilad, and Iezer. as it is stated: “The children of Makhir son of Manasseh, too, were born at Joseph’s knees” (Genesis 50:23). Likewise, it says: “The sons of Manasseh: For Makhir, the family of the Makhirites, and Makhir begot Gilad.… These are the sons of Gilad: Of Iezer…” (Numbers 26:29–30). Makhir, Gilad, and Iezer – these are three generations that were patrilineal houses that were attributed to Joseph, as Manasseh is attributed to Jacob, just as it says: “And now your two sons, who were born to you in the land of Egypt before my coming to you to Egypt, they are mine” (Genesis 48:5). The fourth, this was Ya’ir son of Manasseh, who received a portion in the land, just as it says: “Ya’ir son of Manasseh went and captured their villages [ḥavot], and he called them Ḥavot Ya’ir” (Numbers 32:41). The three species of burnt offerings corresponded to the sons of Makhir son of Manasseh.54This is referring to what was mentioned above, and is mentioned again since the midrash now also explains what the sin offering signifies. The goat sin offering corresponded to Ya’ir, who did not bequeath his portion to his sons, because he did not have sons. That is why he called them55The villages. by his name, because he did not have any remnant, and the sons of his brother Makhir inherited his portion.
“And for the peace offering, two bulls, five rams, five goats, five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Gamliel son of Pedatzur” (Numbers 7:59).
“And for the peace offering, two bulls” – corresponding to the tribe of Manasseh, which split into two and received two portions in the land, half of it on the east bank of the Jordan and half in the land of Canaan. “Five rams, five goats, five lambs in their first year” – these are three species, corresponding to three things that Joseph did on behalf of Manasseh, whom he sought to elevate over his brother Ephraim. The first: “Joseph took the two of them, Ephraim in his right hand to the left of Israel, and Manasseh in his left hand to the right of Israel” (Genesis 48:13). The second: “He supported his father’s hand, to remove it from the head of Ephraim to the head of Manasseh” (Genesis 48:17). The third: “Joseph said to his father: Not so, my father, as this is the firstborn…” (Genesis 48:18).
Why were they five each? It corresponds to the five women from the tribe of Manasseh who took a portion in the land. These were Tzelofḥad’s five daughters, just as it says: “Tzelofḥad’s daughters speak justly; give them a holding for inheritance…” (Numbers 27:7). They were five, as it is stated: “These are the names of his daughters: Maḥla, Noa, Ḥogla, Milka, and Tirtza” (Numbers 27:1). Likewise, Jacob mentioned them in the blessing of Joseph, as it is stated: “Branches [banot] ran atop the wall [alei shur]” (Genesis 49:22); these are Tzelofḥad’s daughters [banot], who received a portion in the land. Alternatively, why were they five each? It corresponds to the blessing that Jacob blessed them: “May they proliferate like fish in the midst of the earth” (Genesis 48:16), and fish were created on the fifth day.
“This was the offering of Gamliel…” – since the Holy One blessed be He saw that he presented the offering in this order, He began lauding his offering: “This was the offering of Gamliel…”
“His offering was one silver dish [kaarat]…” – do not read it as kaarat, but rather as akart, corresponding to Jacob, who extracted [akar] the birthright49The birthright refers to the extra portion of the inheritance that the eldest son received. from Reuben and gave it to Joseph: “I have given you one portion more than your brothers…” (Genesis 48:22). “Silver” – just as it says: “The tongue of the righteous is choice silver” (Proverbs 10:20), just as he50Silver alludes to the statement made by Jacob, who was righteous. said: “Ephraim and Manasseh will be for me like Reuben and Simeon” (Genesis 48:5). “Its weight one hundred and thirty” – when Jacob descended to Egypt on account of Joseph, he was one hundred and thirty years old, as it is stated: “Jacob said to Pharaoh: The days of the years of my residence are one hundred and thirty years” (Genesis 47:9).
“One silver basin [mizrak]” – corresponding to Joseph, who was cast [shenizrak] from his father and sold to Egypt. “Silver” – after: “The tongue of the righteous is choice silver” (Proverbs 10:20) – what he said to his father51Silver alludes to the statement made by Joseph, who was righteous.: “Joseph said to his father: Not so, my father, as this is the firstborn; place your right hand upon his head” (Genesis 48:18). “Seventy shekels, in the sacred shekel” – as it was through him that seventy people descended to Egypt. “Both of them full…” – Jacob and Joseph, both of them were full-fledged righteous men and both produced tribes.
“One gold ladle of ten shekels, filled with incense” (Numbers 7:56).
“One gold ladle of ten shekels…” – corresponding to the ten districts of Manasseh, as it is stated: “Ten districts fell to Manasseh” (Joshua 17:5).
“One young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year, as a burnt offering” (Numbers 7:57).
“One goat as a sin offering” (Numbers 7:58).
“One young bull, one ram [one lamb in its first year, as a burnt offering]; one goat…” – these52This is a reference to the three burnt offerings. are three corresponding to the three generations that Joseph saw from Manasseh that received a portion in the land,53This is a reference to the fact that there were three major families named after the three generations following Manasseh, in addition to the family which was named after Manasseh himself. Therefore, the phrase “the sons of Makhir” refers to Makhir himself, Gilad, and Iezer. as it is stated: “The children of Makhir son of Manasseh, too, were born at Joseph’s knees” (Genesis 50:23). Likewise, it says: “The sons of Manasseh: For Makhir, the family of the Makhirites, and Makhir begot Gilad.… These are the sons of Gilad: Of Iezer…” (Numbers 26:29–30). Makhir, Gilad, and Iezer – these are three generations that were patrilineal houses that were attributed to Joseph, as Manasseh is attributed to Jacob, just as it says: “And now your two sons, who were born to you in the land of Egypt before my coming to you to Egypt, they are mine” (Genesis 48:5). The fourth, this was Ya’ir son of Manasseh, who received a portion in the land, just as it says: “Ya’ir son of Manasseh went and captured their villages [ḥavot], and he called them Ḥavot Ya’ir” (Numbers 32:41). The three species of burnt offerings corresponded to the sons of Makhir son of Manasseh.54This is referring to what was mentioned above, and is mentioned again since the midrash now also explains what the sin offering signifies. The goat sin offering corresponded to Ya’ir, who did not bequeath his portion to his sons, because he did not have sons. That is why he called them55The villages. by his name, because he did not have any remnant, and the sons of his brother Makhir inherited his portion.
“And for the peace offering, two bulls, five rams, five goats, five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Gamliel son of Pedatzur” (Numbers 7:59).
“And for the peace offering, two bulls” – corresponding to the tribe of Manasseh, which split into two and received two portions in the land, half of it on the east bank of the Jordan and half in the land of Canaan. “Five rams, five goats, five lambs in their first year” – these are three species, corresponding to three things that Joseph did on behalf of Manasseh, whom he sought to elevate over his brother Ephraim. The first: “Joseph took the two of them, Ephraim in his right hand to the left of Israel, and Manasseh in his left hand to the right of Israel” (Genesis 48:13). The second: “He supported his father’s hand, to remove it from the head of Ephraim to the head of Manasseh” (Genesis 48:17). The third: “Joseph said to his father: Not so, my father, as this is the firstborn…” (Genesis 48:18).
Why were they five each? It corresponds to the five women from the tribe of Manasseh who took a portion in the land. These were Tzelofḥad’s five daughters, just as it says: “Tzelofḥad’s daughters speak justly; give them a holding for inheritance…” (Numbers 27:7). They were five, as it is stated: “These are the names of his daughters: Maḥla, Noa, Ḥogla, Milka, and Tirtza” (Numbers 27:1). Likewise, Jacob mentioned them in the blessing of Joseph, as it is stated: “Branches [banot] ran atop the wall [alei shur]” (Genesis 49:22); these are Tzelofḥad’s daughters [banot], who received a portion in the land. Alternatively, why were they five each? It corresponds to the blessing that Jacob blessed them: “May they proliferate like fish in the midst of the earth” (Genesis 48:16), and fish were created on the fifth day.
“This was the offering of Gamliel…” – since the Holy One blessed be He saw that he presented the offering in this order, He began lauding his offering: “This was the offering of Gamliel…”