사사기 4:2 미드라쉬: Midrash Tanchuma & Bamidbar Rabbah

That they take for me an offering (Exod. 25:2). May it please our masters to teach us: What did they do with the surplus offering?¹The surplus offering was from the funds contributed for the building of the Sanctuary (M. Shekalim 4:4). Thus did our masters teach us: They fashioned with it the hammered gold overlay for the Holy of Holies. You find that the Holy One, blessed be He, chose two offerings (terumot): the offering (set aside) for the building of the Tabernacle and the priestly offering. The priestly offering (was given to them) in order that they become students of the law.²These offerings increased their opportunity to study the law. The midrash compares these offerings because both are called terumah. R. Yannai said: Any priest who is not a student of the law, it is permitted to eat the offering on his grave.³Etz Joseph suggests that an ignorant priest would even permit eating the terumah offering, which must be maintained in a state of ritual purity, in a cemetery, from which priests are generally barred. The intent may be that the priest, in his ignorance, probably collected his dues improperly, and so it is really common, and thus may be consumed even on his (i.e., the ignorant priest’s) grave, since he is worthy of death.

“These were the names of the men” (Numbers 13:16). What were their names? They were “Setur son of Mikhael…Naḥbi son of Vofsi…Geuel son of Makhi” (Numbers 13:13–15). There are people whose names are pleasant but their actions are repulsive; their names are repulsive but their actions are pleasant; their names are pleasant and their actions are pleasant; their names and their actions are repulsive. Whose names are pleasant but their actions are repulsive: This is Ishmael and Esau. Ishmael – God listens [shome’a el]; Esau – he performs [oseh] the will of his Maker [osehu]. Their names are repulsive but their actions are pleasant: These are those who ascended from the exile: “The children of Barkos, the children of Sisera, the children of Tamaḥ” (Ezra 2:53).⁵These are names which have no reference to anything positive, and appear to be names which were originally not used by Jews. For example, Sisera was the name of an officer who headed an army which subjugated Israel (Judges 4:2). Their names are repulsive and their actions are repulsive, these are the spies: What is written in their regard? “Setur” – He eliminated him [shesetaro] from the world.