창세기 24:27 미드라쉬: Aggadat Bereshit & Bereshit Rabbah

Chapter 18: Writings [1] A Psalm of David. The LORD says to my Lord: "Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool." (Psalm 110:1) This verse shows how the Holy One, blessed be He, loves and exalts Israel, as He has invested their forefathers with greatness, as it says, "And his greatness shall be from him" (Jeremiah 30:21). And there is no greatness other than the forefathers, as it is written, "As for the saints in the land, they are the excellent ones, in whom is all my delight" (Psalm 16:3). Therefore, "And his greatness shall be from him" - from the forefathers, and everything is from them until now. Regarding the forefathers, how do we know that even the Holy One, blessed be He, said of them, "I am from you"? As it says, "And his ruler shall come from the midst of them" (Jeremiah 30:21). This refers to the Holy One, blessed be He, as it is written in Psalms, "Bless God, O you his peoples; you are the sheep of his pasture" (Psalm 100:3). "And he shall come near to me" (Jeremiah 30:21) - this refers to Abraham, as it says, "Abraham came forward and said..." (Genesis 18:23). "For who among them has stood in the council of the LORD to see and to hear his word?" (Jeremiah 23:18) - The word of the LORD to my Lord (Psalm 110:1) - this refers to Abraham, as it says, "And he said, 'Blessed be the LORD, the God of my master Abraham, who has not forsaken his mercy and his truth toward my master'" (Genesis 24:27). The attributes of the Holy One, blessed be He, are not like the attributes of flesh and blood. When a king enters, he sits on the throne at the right, and his Sanhedrin is on his left. But the Holy One, blessed be He, who rules from one end of the world to the other and everything is His, wrote that Abraham sat at His right, as it says, "The LORD says to my Lord: 'Sit at my right hand.'" Why does He seat him next to Him? To prove to Israel and to show Abraham their father all the good that He does with them, as it says, "He did wonders in the sight of their fathers" (Psalm 78:12). Therefore, He seats him next to Him. And similarly, Hannah says, "He raises up the poor from the dust" (1 Samuel 2:8). This refers to the one who made himself like dust and ashes, as it is written, "I am but dust and ashes" (Genesis 18:27). Even when the Holy One, blessed be He, raises up the poor from the dust, what does He do for him? He seats him on the throne of glory, as it says, "And he shall inherit the throne of glory" (1 Samuel 2:8).

Chapter (55) 56: Prophets. [1] The vision of Obadiah (Obadiah 1). May the memory of the righteous be for a blessing. When Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said (Job 4:1), Rabbi Berachiah said, "Why did the Holy One, blessed be He, exact punishment from Esau in a vision? Rather, it was to teach us how God repays both a hater and a lover according to their deeds. When Job was afflicted, Eliphaz, the firstborn of Esau, was his friend, and Eliphaz was righteous and rebuked Job only in a vision. The verse says, "Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said, 'If one ventures a word with you, will you be offended? But who can keep from speaking?'" (Job 4:2). It is like a parable of a man who had two wives, one whose dowry was ten thousand and one whose dowry was four thousand. The one whose dowry was four thousand said to him, "Why don't you treat me with the same respect as your other wife?" He said to her, "Your dowry is four thousand, and your friend's dowry is ten thousand." Similarly, Job said, "Why don't you treat me with the same respect as Abraham?" He said to him, "Have you been tested like Abraham?" He who is tested will be afflicted by what is said to him. And only Abraham was tested, as it says, "God tested Abraham" (Genesis 22:1). He said to them, "But I did not bring in four wreaths." "He was whole-hearted and upright, and he feared God and turned away from evil" (Job 1:1). They said to him, "Abraham was tested with ten, and he had ten wreaths." He was called Ethan, as it says, "A maskil of Ethan the Ezrahite" (Psalms 89:1), and similarly, "The mighty men are foundations of the earth" (Micah 6:2). And why was he called Ethan? Because he strengthened himself to do the will of his Creator. He who believed in God was called Heman, as it says, "And he believed in the Lord" (Genesis 15:6). And why is Eitan called Heman, who strengthened himself to do the will of his Creator, called Heman, because he believed in the Almighty, as it says "And he believed in the Lord" (Genesis 15:6). Abram was originally called Abram, and then the Lord added to his name, and he became Abraham. Why did the Lord add to his name? Because he fulfilled the five books of the Torah even before they were given, as it says "Because Abraham obeyed Me and kept My charge, My commandments, My statutes, and My laws" (Genesis 26:5). Therefore, he is called Abraham. He is also called "Ayit" (Falcon), as it says "One calls from the east a bird of prey" (Isaiah 46:11), referring to the hen that protects her chicks from the wolves and the ravens. Similarly, Abraham risked his life by being thrown into the furnace for his beliefs. He is called "Tzur" (Rock), as it says "Look to the rock from which you were hewn" (Isaiah 51:1). Just as a rock has no [עיים ruins or eyes], so Abraham was willing to sacrifice his son Isaac when commanded to do so. He is called "Nasi" (Prince), as it says "For thus says the High and Lofty One who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy: 'I dwell in the high and holy place, with him who has a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones'" (Isaiah 57:15). He is called "Adon" (Lord), as it says "And he said, 'Blessed be the Lord God of my master Abraham'" (Genesis 24:27). And if you ask why he was called Adon, was it not because he was his servant? Others also called him Adon, as it says "And we said to my lord" (Genesis 44:19), because he made the Almighty Lord over all of His creatures. He is called "Elohim" (God), as it says "The prince of God" (Genesis 23:6). This is because he made known the fear of the Almighty in his world, as it says "You are God-fearing" (Genesis 22:12). He is called "Navi" (Prophet), as he first revealed the power of the Holy Spirit, as it says "And you return the wife of the man, for he is a prophet" (Genesis 20:7). "And he shall be called a God-fearing man, as it is said, 'Now I know that you are a God-fearing man' (Job 22:12), for he was in awe of the Lord and called a lover, as it is said, 'the seed of Abraham, my friend' (Isaiah 41:8). Behold, ten trials were given to correspond to the ten qualities. Eliphaz said to him, 'Do you possess these qualities? If so, then trouble will come upon you. Behold, you have comforted many' (Job 4:3-4). Those who suffer came to you, and you comforted them. The blind one came and said to you, 'God already knows what I am going to do, for He made me blind from my mother's womb.' And you said to him, 'Do not say that.' And you said to him, 'My son, if you built a house and did not want to make windows, who would have forced you?' You are a linchpin of the Almighty, and He did not do this out of hatred, but to praise you in the future, as it is said, 'Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened' (Isaiah 35:5). "So shall Hashem of Hosts be a protecting wall to the remnant of Israel; to them shall they deliver from captivity and return. And the Passover [Haggadah] says, 'Do not say thus, "If I were there, I would have built pillars for myself." Whoever says this, God praises him for the future, as it says, "Then shall leap as a hart the lame" (Zechariah 8:4). And also, the [Haggadah] says, 'The deaf-mute one says to him, "If you were a skilled craftsman and did not want to make ears for your friend, who could compel you?" Thus, God praises you for the World-to-Come, as it says, "And the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped" (Isaiah 35:5). You comforted all who were afflicted, "The tottering one will be restored by you" (Job 4:4). And now, when afflictions have befallen you, you are confused, as it says, "Now it shall come upon you and you will be broken" (Job 4:5). "Is not your fear of God your confidence?" (Job 4:6) Because you said, "I am pure and upright," if not for the fact that God acted towards you as one does towards a human being, and brought the Flood, your righteousness would have been before you. Remember now, who being innocent has ever perished?" (Job 4:7). Eliphaz said to Job, "Even if Abraham the righteous had been in your place, he would not have been spared," as it says, "I am the Lord Who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans" (Genesis 15:7). "If you are righteous, He will have mercy upon you, for He does not destroy the righteous, as it is said, 'Remember now, who that was innocent ever perished? Or where were the upright cut off?' (Job 4:7-8). When I saw those who plow iniquity (Job 4:8), I envied the wicked who were at ease, who sow mischief and reap calamity. But lo, the day comes, burning like an oven, when all the arrogant and all evildoers will be stubble; the day that comes shall burn them up, says the Lord of hosts, so that it will leave them neither root nor branch. (Malachi 3:19) He who roars like a lion and the voice of the fierce lion is heard no more (Isaiah 31:4), it was said to him, 'Israel will eventually sin before the Lord who is called a lion, as it is said, 'The lion has roared, who will not fear?' (Amos 3:8). He elevated them to Nebuchadnezzar who was called a lion, as it is said, 'The lion has come up from his thicket' (Jeremiah 4:7), and in the month of Tammuz, whose sign is the lion, he destroyed the Temple, which is called the lion, as it is said, 'Woe to Ariel, to Ariel, the city where David dwelt' (Isaiah 29:1), and he who rules over Judah is called a lion, as it is said, 'Judah is a lion's whelp' (Genesis 49:9). Here, he explains five names, all of them called a lion. The roar of the lion, the voice of the fierce lion, and the two young lions have been silenced. The lion perishes for lack of prey, and the cubs of the lioness are scattered. (Job 4:10-11) Elihu said to him, 'It was not I who spoke, but the Spirit of God who dwells in me' (Job 32:8). And how were all of these proven in a vision? As it is said in the visions of the night (Job 4:13), the Lord said to him, 'You have proved My servant Job in a vision; even so I will send a prophet who will prove and punish the house of your father in a vision, as it is said, 'The vision of Obadiah. Thus says the Lord God concerning Edom: We have heard tidings from the Lord, and a messenger has been sent among the nations: "Rise up! Let us rise against her for battle!" (Obadiah 1:1) Why should you serve us? Even I will unsheathe My sword and come down upon him, as it is said, 'For My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens; behold, it descends for judgment upon Edom, upon the people I have doomed to destruction' (Isaiah 34:5).

“The servant ran toward her, and he said: Please allow me to sip a little water from your jug” (Genesis 24:17).
“The servant ran toward her” – toward her good deeds.²²Since he saw the water rise for her, he realized she must be exceptionally righteous.
“Please allow me to sip a little water from your jug” – [just] one sip.
“She said: Drink, my lord, and she hastened to lower her pitcher into her hand, and she gave him to drink” (Genesis 24:18).
“When she had finished giving him to drink, she said: I will draw for your camels also, until they have finished drinking” (Genesis 24:19).
“She hastened and emptied her pitcher into the trough, and ran again unto the well to draw, and drew for all his camels” (Genesis 24:20).
“The man was astonished at her; he was silent, to know whether the Lord had made his journey successful or not” (Genesis 24:21).
“The man was astonished at her…” – Rabbi Yoḥanan of Tzippori said: He was squinting²³To see her more clearly. and looking at her [to see] if “the Lord had made [his journey] successful.”
“When the camels concluded drinking, the man took a gold nose ring whose weight was one half shekel, and two bracelets to put on her hands, whose weight was ten gold shekels” (Genesis 24:22).
“When the camels concluded drinking, [the man] took…” – Rav Huna in the name of Rabbi Yosef: There was a precious stone in it that weighed half a shekel.
“And two bracelets to put on her hands” – corresponding to the two tablets [of the Ten Commandments]. “Whose weight was ten gold shekels” – corresponding to the Ten Commandments.
“He said: Whose daughter are you; please tell me. Is there room in your father’s house for us to stay the night?” (Genesis 24:23).
“He said: Whose daughter are you; please tell me. [Is there room in your father’s house for us to stay the night [lalin]?]” – a stay for one night.
“She said to him: I am the daughter of Betuel, son of Milka, whom she bore to Naḥor” (Genesis 24:24).
“She said to him: Both straw and feed is plentiful with us, as well as room for lodging” (Genesis 24:25).
“She said to him: I am the daughter of Betuel, son of Milka…as well as room for lodging [lalun]” – to lodge for several nights.²⁴Although he asked her about staying over for one night, she replied that he could stay for many nights.
“The man bowed and prostrated himself to the Lord” (Genesis 24:26).
“The man bowed and prostrated himself to the Lord” – from here we learn that one should express thanks [to God] for good tidings.
“He said: Blessed is the Lord, God of my master Abraham, who did not withhold His kindness and His truth from my master; I, the Lord guided me on the way to the house of my master’s brethren” (Genesis 24:27).
“He said: Blessed is the Lord, God of my master Abraham, who did not withhold His kindness…” – from the fact that the path was miraculously shortened, I knew that “the Lord guided me on the way to the house of my master's brethren.”