출애굽기 21:20 미드라쉬: Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael, Midrash Tanchuma Buber & Sifrei Bamidbar

(Exodus 21:20) "And if a man strike his man-servant or his maid-servant": His man-servant and his maid-servant were also included in (Ibid. 29) "it killed a man or a woman," Scripture singling it out for special mention of (Ibid. 21) "But if one day or two days, etc." for lenity towards the master (as opposed to one who is not his master who kills him), wherefore this section is stated.

(Exodus 21:20) "with a rod": I might think, whether or not it is of killing potential; it is, therefore, written (Numbers 35:38) "Or if with a wooden implement, whereby he can die he strike him," whereby we are apprised that he is not liable until he strikes him with something that has the potential to kill.

(Gen. 9:22:) THEN HAM, THE FATHER OF CANAAN, SAW < THE NAKEDNESS OF HIS FATHER AND TOLD HIS TWO BROTHERS OUTSIDE >. R. Judah bar Shallum said in the name of R. Jacob bar Zavday, who had said in the name of R. Abbahu:⁷⁹Gen. R. 36:5. Ham saw with his eyes and told with his mouth. For that reason, the Holy One said: If one of the slaves is struck in his eye or in his tooth, he is to go free, as stated (in Exod. 21:26f.): IF SOMEONE STRIKES [THE EYE OF] HIS SLAVE, < MALE OR FEMALE, AND DESTROYS IT, HE SHALL LET HIM GO FREE…. AND IF HE KNOCKS OUT THE TOOTH OF HIS SLAVE, MALE OR FEMALE, HE SHALL LET HIM GO FREE >….