אַתָּ֣ה תְדַבֵּ֔ר אֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲצַוֶּ֑ךָּ וְאַהֲרֹ֤ן אָחִ֙יךָ֙ יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְשִׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃
내가 네게 명한 바를 너는 네 형 아론에게 말하고 그는 바로에게 말하여 그로 이스라엘 자손을 그 땅에서 보내게 할지니라
Shemot Rabbah
‘Go and exact retribution from him’6When God said to Moses: “I have set you as god to Pharaoh,” He was saying: Go exact retribution [hipara] from him. – he said to Him: ‘How will I bring upon him ten plagues?’ He said to him: “You shall take in your hand this staff” (Exodus 4:17). Rabbi Yehuda said: The weight of the staff was forty se’a, and it was made of sapphire, and the ten plagues were etched on it in acronym form, detzakh adash be’aḥav.7This is an acronym of the initials of the plagues: Blood [dam], frogs [tzefarde’a], lice [kinnim] – detzakh; wild beasts [arov], pestilence [dever], boils [shekhin] – adash; hail [barad], locusts [arbeh], darkness [ḥoshekh], firstborn [bekhorot] – be’aḥav. The Holy One blessed be He said to him: ‘In this order, bring the plagues upon him.’
“And Aaron your brother will be your prophet” – just as the lecturer sits and lectures and the amora8After the lecturer stated an excerpt of the lecture that was heard only by the amora, the amora would repeat it in loud voice and occasionally elaborate upon it for the benefit of the audience. speaks before him, so too, “you shall speak everything that I command you; and Aaron your brother will speak to Pharaoh” (Exodus 7:2), and all the matters were accomplished by the two of them, as it is stated: “Moses and Aaron performed all these wonders” (Exodus 11:10).
“And Aaron your brother will be your prophet” – just as the lecturer sits and lectures and the amora8After the lecturer stated an excerpt of the lecture that was heard only by the amora, the amora would repeat it in loud voice and occasionally elaborate upon it for the benefit of the audience. speaks before him, so too, “you shall speak everything that I command you; and Aaron your brother will speak to Pharaoh” (Exodus 7:2), and all the matters were accomplished by the two of them, as it is stated: “Moses and Aaron performed all these wonders” (Exodus 11:10).
Midrash Tanchuma
See, I have set thee in God’s stead to Pharaoh, and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet (Exod. 7:1). Just as the lecturer sits and lectures, and the interpreter explains his words, so you shall relate everything that I have commanded, and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh (ibid., v. 2). Through the two of you shall all these things be done, as it is said: And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh (ibid. 11:10). They both spoke to Pharaoh, even though he was told: Thou shall speak (ibid. 7:2). Moses said to Him: Master of the Universe, I will not be able to convince him with words, as it is said: A servant will not be corrected by words (Prov. 29:19).
Midrash Tanchuma Buber
Another interpretation: Just as the interpreter comes to interpret, and the speaker (amora, rt.: 'MR)66The amora would expound what the interpreter said in a lengthy, popular discourse. speaks out (rt.: 'MR) in his presence; so (in Exod. 7:2): YOU SHALL SPEAK {UNTO EVERYONE WHOM} [EVERYTHING WHICH] I COMMAND YOU, AND YOUR BROTHER AARON SHALL SPEAK UNTO PHARAOH.67Tanh., 2:10; Exod. R. 8:3. (Exod. 6:27:) THEY WERE THE ONES WHO SPOKE UNTO PHARAOH…. The Holy One said: In this world I have exacted retribution from Egypt through ten plagues, but in the world to come, I am exacting punishment from Gog. It is so stated (concerning Gog in Ezek. 38:22): I WILL ENTER INTO JUDGMENT AGAINST HIM WITH PESTILENCE AND WITH BLOOD; AND I WILL POUR TORRENTIAL RAIN, HAILSTONES, FIRE, AND BRIMSTONE <UPON HIM AND HIS HOSTS AND THE MANY PEOPLES THAT ARE WITH HIM>.68On Gog from the land of Magog, see Revelation 20:8; Jubilees 8:25; Sibylline Oracles 3:319, 512; III Enoch 45:5; ‘Eduy. 2:10; yBer. 2:4 (4d); Ber. 7b; ‘AZ 3b; Sifre, Deut. 33:2 (343); Seder ‘Olam 3; PRK 9:11; M. Pss. 2:4; 17:9; 118:12; 119:2; M. Pss. (Buber) 150:1; Targum Pseudo-Jonathan, Numb. 11:26; Fragmentary (Jerusalem) Targum, Numb. 11:26; Targum, Cant. 8:8; etc.