출애굽기 25:11의 미드라쉬

It is written: And they shall make an ark of acacia-wood (Exod. 25:10). R. Simeon the son of Yohai said: There are three crowns, the crown of Torah, of priesthood, and of kingship. How do we know about the crown of Torah? It is written concerning the ark: And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold (ibid., v. 11); we know about the crown of priesthood because it is written concerning the altar: A crown of gold (Exod. 37:26); and we know about the crown of kingship from the fact that it is written concerning the table: And made thereto a crown of gold (ibid., v. 11). Why is the word (in the preceding verse) written as zar (“stranger”) but read as zer (“crown”)? To teach us that if a man is worthy, it is his crown of gold, but if he is unworthy, he is to be considered a stranger among you.

“We will make you golden rings with studs of silver” (Song of Songs 1:11).
“We will make you golden rings.” “We will make you golden rings,” this is the plunder at the sea; “with studs of silver,” this is the plunder of Egypt. Just like the difference between silver and gold, so was the property at the sea more valuable than the plunder of Egypt, as it is stated: “You came with ornaments upon ornaments [ba’adi adayim]” (Ezekiel 16:7). Ba’adi, this is the plunder of Egypt, adayim, this is the plunder at the sea.²⁶³Adayim is a plural term while adi is singular, implying that the Egyptian property recovered by the Israelites at the sea was significantly more valuable than the Egyptian property the Israelites took with them from Egypt.
Another matter, “we will make you golden rings,” this is the Torah that Alekulin learned from the knowledge of the Holy One blessed be He. “With studs of silver,” Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: These are the letters. Rabbi Aḥa said: These are the words.²⁶⁴There is great hidden wisdom hinted to by the very letters and individual words of the Torah.
Another matter, “we will make you golden rings,” this is the script. “With studs of silver,” this is the ruler.²⁶⁵The ruler with which the lines are scored on the parchment before writing a Torah scroll. Alternatively, “golden rings,” this is the Tabernacle; that is what is written: “The boards you shall plate with gold” (Exodus 26:29); “with studs of silver,” just as you say: “The hooks of the pillars and their bands silver” (Exodus 27:10).
Rabbi Berekhya interpreted the verse regarding the Ark. “Golden rings,” this is the Ark, as it is written: “You shall plate it with pure gold” (Exodus 25:11). “With studs of silver,” these are the two pillars that stood within, which were made of silver like round cylinders.²⁶⁶See Bava Batra 14a.
How was the Ark crafted? Rabbi Ḥanina and Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish, Rabbi Ḥanina said: He crafted it from three boxes, two of gold and one of wood. He placed the wooden one on a golden one, and a golden one on the wooden one, and he plated the upper edges with gold. Reish Lakish said: He crafted one box and plated it [with gold] inside and out, as it is written: “From within and without you shall cover it” (Exodus 25:11). How does Rabbi Ḥanina interpret the verse of Reish Lakish? Rabbi Pinḥas said: He plated between the boards.²⁶⁷The wooden box was made from boards that were attached to each other, and the places on the boards where they attached to each other were overlaid with gold. See also Matnot Kehuna and Etz Yosef, who emend the text of the midrash and offer a different explanation.
Yehuda ben Rabbi says: “Your cheeks are lovely with ornaments,” this is the Torah; your neck with beads,” these are the Prophets; “golden rings,” these are the Writings; “with studs of silver,” this is the Song of Songs, one word enigmatic and one word distinct.

An idolater asked Rabban Gamliel, "Why was the Holy One, Blessed be He revealed to Moses in the Burning Bush?" Rabban Gamliel replied to him, "If God had been revealed in a carob tree or a fig tree, you would have asked me the same thing, and I could not send you away without an answer. This teaches you that there is no place in the world devoid of the Shekhinah."

...Another opinion: And they shall make an ark of gopher wood. And immediately after: and they shall make an ark of wood. What is written above? And take for Me gifts. Just as the Torah comes before everything, so too here, in the deeds of the Tabernacle, the Ark comes before any vessel. Just as light came before all the deeds of Creation, as it is written "And E-lohim said 'let there be light' (Genesis 1) so too regarding the Tabernacle, in the Torah that is called light, as it is written 'Because a mitzvah is a candle and Torah is light' (Proverbs 6), all the deeds came after the Torah. Another opinion: 'And they shall make the ark' - why regarding all these vessels it is written 'and you [singular] shall make' but regarding the ark it is written 'and they shall make'? R. Yehudah the son of Shalom said: The Holy One said to him [Moses] - all can come and busy themselves with the ark, so that all come and merit the Torah. And R. Shimon b. Yochai said: There are three crowns -- the crown of royalty, the crown of priesthood and the crown of Torah.The crown of royalty -- this is the shulchan (Table), about which it says, "a gold crown all around."The crown of priesthood -- this is the mizbe'ach (Altar), about which it says, "a gold crown all around."And the crown of Torah -- this is the aron (Ark), about which it says, "a gold crown [all around]"...Why does it say about all of them, "You shall make for it," whereas about the Ark it says, "You shall make on it?" [This is] to teach you that the crown of Torah is superior to all of them. If a person merits Torah -- it is as if he merited them all.