창세기 36:22의 미드라쉬

R. Simlai stated: In reference to Reuben, it is written: And delivered him out of their hand (ibid. 37:2). Hence you learn that he was not responsible for the selling of Joseph. Similarly Judah said to them: What profit is it if we slay our brother? (ibid., v. 36). Now, inasmuch as these were the four eldest sons, it is apparent that Simeon and Levi must have been responsible for his sale. When they came to Egypt, Joseph looked angrily at Simeon, as it is said: And took Simeon from among them and bound him (ibid. 42:24). Hence he addressed them together: Simeon and Levi are brothers.

Our Rabbis were taught: (Num. 15, 30) "But the person that doth aught with a high hand; this refers to Menasseh b. Hezekiah who sat and lectured on topics with the object of fault-finding," saying, "Could not Moses have found something better than (Gen. 36, 22) "And Lotan's sister was Thimna, or, (Ib.) she was a concubine of Eliphaz b. Esau," or that of (Ib. 13, 14) "And Reuben went in the days of the wheat harvest and found mandrakes in the field." A heavenly voice was then heard saying (Ps. 50, 20) "Thou sittest and speakest against thy brother, against thy own mother's sons thou utterest slander, etc." And to him also applies the words of tradition: (Is. 5, 18) Wee unto those that draw iniquity with the cords of falsehood, and as with a wagon-rope, sinfulnesses." What does a wagon-rope mean? A. Assi said: "In the beginning, the evil inclination appears as thin as the thread of a spider's web; and finally he becomes as thick as a wagon rope." Since we have already arrived at it, let us see what does And Lotan's sister was Thimna really mean. Thimna was a princess, as it is written (Gen. 36, 40) Duke Thimna, and dukedom means a kingdom without a crown. She desired to become a proselyte, but Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob did not accept her. And she went and became the concubine of Eliphaz b. Esau, saying it is better to be a servant in this nation than to be a princess of another. And her offspring was Amalek, who troubled Israel as a punishment to their parents, who ought not to have driven her away.

(Devarim 32:47) "For it is not an empty thing for you; for it is your life, and by this thing you shall prolong days": There is nothing empty in the Torah, for which, if you fulfill it, you will not be rewarded in this world, with the principal remaining for the world to come. Know this to be so, for they said: Why is it written (Bereshith 36:22) "And the sister of Lotan was Timna," and (Ibid. 36:12) "And Timna was a concubine to Elifaz (the son of Esav)"? Because she said: "I am not worthy of being his wife; (at least) let me be his concubine." Why all this? To apprise us of the greatness of our father Abraham, kings and sultans [(Timna was a daughter of royalty)] desiring to marry into his family. Now does this not follow a fortiori? If Esav, who kept only one mitzvah, that of honoring his father — kings and sultans desired to marry into his family, how much more so would they run to do so with Jacob the tzaddik, who fulfilled all of the mitzvoth, viz. (Ibid. 25:27) "And Jacob was a whole man!"