전도서 10:5의 미드라쉬

(Ib. b) Juda, the son of R. Chiya, who was the son-in-law of R. Janai, was accustomed to spend the entire day in the college and towards evening would come home; and whenever he returned homeward he would be preceded by a column of fire. One day, his study was prolonged. When the household failed to see that usual sign [of the column] R. Janai ordered them to upset his couch [as a sign of mourning.] "For," said he, "if R. Juda were alive he would not have neglected his house." This remark was [as Solomon says] (Ecc. 10, 5) Like an error which proceedeth from a ruler (i.e., his ominous words, although not meant as such, became true) and R. Juda died.

“The crown of our head has fallen; woe to us, for we have sinned” (Lamentations 5:16).
“The crown of our head has fallen.” Rabbi Yirmeya of Shavshav took an olive branch crown and tied it on his head.²¹After the destruction of the Temple, the Sages had decreed that one was not permitted to wear a golden crown at a wedding (Sota 49a). Rabbi Yirmeya understood that it was still permitted to wear this other type of crown. Shmuel heard and said: ‘It would be better for him to have his head removed and not to do so.’ It was “like an error that emerges from before the ruler” (Ecclesiastes 10:5); so it was for him.²²Rabbi Yirmeya was decapitated. Therefore it is stated: “The crown of our head has fallen; woe to us, for we have sinned.”

Another interpretation (of Gen. 6:5): AND THE LORD SAW: This text is related (to Eccl. 10:5): THERE IS AN EVIL WHICH I HAVE SEEN UNDER THE SUN. The Holy One said: See what these evil ones have done! I made two natures in people, a good drive and an evil drive. Thus it is stated (in Eccl. 9:14): THERE WAS A LITTLE CITY WITH FEW PEOPLE IN IT.¹⁰⁹Eccl. R. 9:14/15:8; below, 11:1. A SMALL CITY: This is the body. WITH FEW PEOPLE IN IT: These are < its > members. (Ibid., cont.:) AND A GREAT KING CAME AGAINST IT: This < king > is the evil drive. (Ibid., cont.:) AND BUILT GREAT SIEGE WORKS AGAINST IT: These are sins. (Ibid., vs. 15:) NOW THERE WAS FOUND IN IT A [POOR WISE] PERSON {WHO WAS POOR, WILLING, AND WISE}. This one is the good drive. (Ibid., cont:) AND HE DELIVERED THE CITY BY HIS WISDOM, in that it brings a person to life. (Ibid., cont:) BUT NO ONE THOUGHT ABOUT < THAT POOR PERSON >: This is the generation of the flood who did not accept the good drive for themselves.