레위기 24:17의 미드라쉬

1) (Vayikra 24:17) ("And a man if he smite all the soul of a man shall be put to death.") "And a man if he smite": This tells me only of a man who smites. Whence do I derive (the same for) a woman who smites? From (Shemoth 21:12) "If one strikes a man (and he dies, then he shall be put to death") — anyone, whether a man or a woman. If "If one strikes a man," I would know only of one who struck a man. When would I derive (the same for) one who struck a woman or a minor? It is, therefore, written "if he smite the soul" — whether man, woman, or minor. I might think that he would be liable even if he smote a nefel (a child that is certain to die); it is, therefore, written "if he smite a man." Just as a man is a "survivor," (so all [of the victims] must inherently be "survivors") — to exclude a nefel, who is not a "survivor." "if he smite all the soul": to include an instance in which one was smitten and would die (as a result), and another came and gave him the death blow, he (the last) is liable.

(Exodus 21:12) "If one strikes a man and he dies, he is to be put to death." What is the intent of this? From (Leviticus 24:17) "And a man, if he strike any soul of a man, etc.", I might think (that he is to be put to death) even if he slapped him; it is, therefore, written "If one strikes a man and he dies." He is not liable (for the death penalty) unless he kills him.

(Exodus, Ibid.) "If one strikes a man": This tells me (that he is liable) only if he strikes a man. Whence is it derived (that he is likewise liable) if he strikes a woman or a minor? From (Leviticus 24:17) "And if a man strikes any soul of a man" — to include his striking a woman or a minor. "If one strikes a man": This (i.e., both verses) tells me only of a man or a woman who kills a man or of a man who kills a woman or a minor. Whence do I derive (the same for) a woman who kills a minor or (another) woman? It is, therefore, written (Numbers 35:16-17) "The murderer shall be put to death … he is a murderer." It comes for this teaching (i.e., that a woman, too, is liable for killing a woman or a minor). "And if a man strikes any soul of a man": I might think that an eight-month birth, (who is destined to die,) is also included. It is, therefore, written "If one strikes a man" — whereby we are apprised that he is not liable unless he kills one who is destined to live.