스가랴 4:9의 인용 해설

There is a version in the Tanchuma according to which the reason that the exile of the Roman empire is compared to the pig is because in the future G’d will repay these people יחזיר, with the attribute of Justice. There is even a version according to which the very Romans who destroyed the Temple will be the ones who have to rebuild it, thus making history come full circle and as implied by the meaning of the word חזיר, i.e. something subject to reversal. [This is compatible with Maimonides’ view that the Messiah will build the third Temple, (using the labour of the people who are the political heirs of the Romans, so that they repay their debt to the Jewish people). I have paraphrased some of this paragraph. Ed.]

and finish me off Heb. ויבצעני, and finish me off, as in (Lam. 2:17), “He has carried out (בצע) His word,” and (Zech. 4:9), “and his hands shall finish it (תבצענה).”

מטרף בני עלית. These words are understood by the Midrash as referring to four people whom Yehudah saved personally, i.e. Joseph, Tamar, Peretz and Zerach. G’d saved four more people, all of them descendants of Yehudah, i.e. Daniel, Chananyah, Mishael and Azaryah. Thus far Bereshit Rabbah. The Midrash tells us that G’d saved Daniel from the pit of lions as a reward for Yehudah having saved Joseph from the pit. He saved the three righteous men Chanayah, Mishael and Azaryah from a fiery death at the hands of Nebuchadnezzar’s furnace (Daniel 3,25) because Yehudah their ancestor had saved Tamar and the twins Peretz and Zerach inside her womb from death by burning.
The Midrash refers to further repercussions in the distant future due to Yehudah’s conduct, citing the fact that the first Temple was built by Solomon a descendant of Yehudah whereas the second Temple was built by Zerubabel, also a descendant of Yehudah. (compare Chagai 2,23), Zecharyah 4,9 and Zecharyah 4,7) The third Temple which we hope will be built soon will be erected by the King Messiah, also of David’s i.e. Yehudah’s descent. We base this on Isaiah 11,10.