출애굽기 7:22의 인용 해설

[Daniel 2:2] Vayomer ha-melech... la-chartummim (וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ... לַֽחַרְטֻמִּים - And the king ordered... magicians): These are the sages of natural science (chakhmei ha-toladet - חַכְמֵי הַתּוֹלֶדֶת) who know the fundamental principles (ikkarim - עִקָּרִים) and the properties/outcomes (toladot - תּוֹלָדוֹת) of everything, and all actions that are performed secretly (b'lat - בְּלָט). And thus it is written regarding the magicians (chartummim - חַרְטֻמִּים) of Egypt [cf. Exodus 7:11, Exodus 7:22, etc.].

בלטיהם, “with their spells.” According to Rashi, these “spells” are called such as the word means “silently,” they employed whispers to produce such illusions. Rashi had given this interpretation already on 7,11 where the spelling of the word had been slightly different.

AND, BEHOLD, HITHERTO THOU HAST NOT HEARKENED. Because this was one of the [ten] plagues and henceforth He will begin to smite him, He therefore said to him that it was his wickedness which was responsible for the bringing of the punishment upon him since he hearkened not to the command of his Creator. Now at this time, [i.e., when the warning about the first plague was given to him], Pharaoh did not declare to Moses and Aaron that he will neither hearken to G-d’s words nor let the people go. It was only at the first time [when they came before him] that he said, I know not the Eternal, and moreover I will not let Israel go.¹²²Above, 5:2. At present, he did not rebuke them; he only heard their words and remained silent, for since they performed the wonder of the serpent before him and Aaron’s rod swallowed up their rods,¹²³Verse 12. he was already afraid of the plagues, except that during the first plagues he attempted that the magicians do likewise, that is, by means of deeds of sorcery. Thus he was afraid, and yet he hardened his heart. This is the sense of the expression, And Pharaoh’s heart was hardened.¹²⁴Further, Verse 22.