출애굽기 3:14의 탈무드

The following divine names may not be erased, viz.¹lit. ‘he who writes’. Alef-lamed-he-yod-mem,²Meaning ‘God’. Alef-daleth-nun-yod,³Translated ‘Lord’. Yod-he-waw-he,⁴Composing the Tetragrammaton. Shaddai,⁵i.e. ‘Almighty’. Ẓeba’oth,⁶Meaning ‘[Lord of] hosts’. ‘Eheyeh-’asher-’eheyeh.⁷I am that I am (Ex. 3, 14). R. Jose says: Ẓeba’oth is generally treated as a secular noun.⁸Which may therefore be erased.

The following divine names may not be erased,¹lit. ‘he who writes’. viz. Alef-lamed,²Pronounced ’El (God). Alef-daleth,³The first two letters of the divine name Alef-daleth-nun-yod (Lord). Yod-he,⁴The first half of the Tetragrammaton and also constituting a name of God, Yah. Shaddai,⁵Almighty. Ẓeba’oth,⁶[Lord of] hosts. ’Eheyeh ’asher ’Eheyeh.⁷‘I am that I am’ (cf. Ex. 3, 14). R. Jose says: Ẓeba’oth is a secular noun.⁸And may be erased. R. Simeon b. Eleazar said: The Aguddah⁹[H reads חגירה in agreement with j. Meg. 71d.] family, who were scribes in Jerusalem, used to erase Ẓeba’oth, because they treated it as a secular noun, as it is stated, Captains of hosts shall be appointed at the head of the people.¹⁰Deut. 20, 9. Here צבאית refers to the army of Israel.

Ten times did the High Priest pronounce the Name on the Day of Atonement¹⁷⁹Babli 39b.: Six times with the bull¹⁸⁰3 times with the bull confessing his sins the first time; 3 times with the bull confessing the sins of the Cohanim., and three with the he-goat, and once with the lots¹⁸¹Mishnah 4:1.. Those near were falling on their faces, those farther away were saying “Praised be the glory of His Kingdom forever and ever”. These and those did not move away from there before they forgot it. This is My Name forever¹⁸²Ex. 3:14., “this is My Name to conceal.¹⁸³Babli Pesaḥim 50a.” In earlier times he was saying it aloud. Since the lawless increased, he said it softly. Rebbi Tarphon said, I was standing in a row with my brothers the Cohanim and turned my ear towards the High Priest, when I heard him mixing it with the song of the Cohanim¹⁸⁴They sang “Praised be the glory of His Kingdom forever and ever” not after he had pronounced the name but immediately when he started pronouncing it.. In earlier times it was given to everybody. Since the lawless increased, it was given only to qualified ones.