출애굽기 18:22의 탈무드
וְשָׁפְט֣וּ אֶת־הָעָם֮ בְּכָל־עֵת֒ וְהָיָ֞ה כָּל־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵ֑ם וְהָקֵל֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽךְ׃
그들로 때를 따라 백성을 재판하게 하라 무릇 큰 일이면 그대에게 베풀 것이고 무릇 작은 일이면 그들이 스스로 재판할 것이니 그리하면 그들이 그대와 함께 담당할 것인즉 일이 그대에게 쉬우리라
Jerusalem Talmud Sanhedrin
HALAKHAH: “Civil suits are tried during the day,” etc. From where this? They judged the people at all times39Ex. 18:26.. But this is a verse about what happened40Information about what Moses had people do in the desert is quite different from prescription of future organization of courts. The context makes it clear that courts organized on Jethro’s suggestion only handled civil suits between a man and his neighbor.! Rav Samuel41The name must be either Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac or Rav Naḥman bar Rav Isaac; cf. Bava qamma 9:1, Note 12. ben Rav Isaac said: so is the baraita: If they erred and judged in the night, their judgment stands, as the verse said: they shall judge the people at all times42Ex. 18:22, the prescription of future organization. The Babli, 34b, disagrees and permits only finishing a trial which started during daytime.. He43The person who had raised the objection in the first place. In Bava qamma 9:1 (Note 16) the expression is used by Rav Nahman bar Jacob. said, that is a statement44A true statement. Tosaphot Yebamot 104a s. v. מר feel forced to emend the text. This is unnecessary..
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