출애굽기 34:23의 탈무드

Women, slaves and minors⁵Boys under thirteen years of age. On the exemption of women, cf. Ẓiẓith §1. are exempt from [the commandment of] tefillin. A minor who knows how to take care of his tefillin is subject to the law of tefillin. It is related that Ṭabi, R. Gamaliel’s slave, used to put on tefillin; Michal, Saul’s daughter, used to put on tefillin; Jonah’s wife used to make the festival pilgrimages⁶[For Ṭabi, cf. j.‘Erub. X, I, 26a; for the two women, cf. ‘Erub. 96a (Sonc. ed., p. 665).] to Jerusalem.⁷Although the commandment applied only to males (cf. Ex. 34, 23).

“The sexless.” Everybody agrees that a sexless who was torn open and turned out to be a male³²By an accident or an operation his skin was torn and it turned out that he had penis and testicles. Then he is a male and liable for all obligations of a male. Since a male is required to appear in the Temple on a holiday, but not before, now that he knows that he is a male he is liable like everybody else. on the first day of a holiday is liable. Where do they disagree? On the remaining days. Ḥizqiah said, he shall be seen, he shall be seen³³Ex.23:17,34:23. In both places only Passover is mentioned as going on for 7 days; Pentecost and Tabernacles appear as single holidays. Since the obligation to appear is repeated, it follows that the seven day holiday has to be treated like a one-day holiday. A person not obligated on the one day cannot become obligated later., he who is liable on the first {day} is liable on the second; he who is not liable on the first {day} is not liable on the second. Rebbi Joḥanan said, all seven {days} are make-up for the first. Rebbi Ila said, Rebbi Joḥanan inferred this from the Second Pesaḥ. As Rebbi Joḥanan said there³⁴Babli 2a, 9a, Pesaḥim93a. Since the Second Pesaḥ is biblical institution for people not liable to bring the first of the 14th of Nisan, it proves that make-up days are also for people not liable for appearance on the first day of a holiday., the Second Pesaḥ is make-up for the first, so he says here, all seven {days} are make-up for the first. Rebbi Hoshaia said, all seven {days} are obligatory³⁵They are independent possibilities for fulfilling the obligation of appearance, including the six days following the one-day holiday of Pentecost.. What results between them? A proselyte who converted on one of the other days. In Ḥizqiah’s opinion he is not liable; in Rebbi Joḥanan’s and Rebbi Hoshaia’s opinions he is liable. Is it the same for the impure one³⁶A person impure on the first day, to become pure on a later day.? In Ḥizqiah’s opinion is he not liable; in Rebbi Joḥanan’s and Rebbi Hoshaia’s opinions is he liable? Rebbi Yose said, there he is suitable³⁷Therefore he certainly is not liable for Ḥisqia and R. Joḥanan; the question remains open for R. Hoshaia.; the tearing caused it. But here the impure person himself is not suitable³⁸Mishnah Shabbat19:3. The entire paragraph essentially is found in Šabbat19, Notes 99–109, Yebamot8:1..