욥기 2:13의 탈무드

From where the overturning of beds³⁶Levi Ginzberg noted correctly that all the sermons here point only to the overturning of beds on which one sleeps, not couches on which one sits. The Yerushalmi does not address the question whether during the day the mourner has to sit on the ground or may sit on an overturned couch.? Rebbi Crispus³⁷“Curly haired” (Latin, a Roman surname). A student of Rebbi Joḥanan and R. Simeon ben Laqish, and teacher of Rebbis Jonah and Yose. in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: (Job 2:13) “They sat with him towards the ground.” It does not say here “on the ground” but “they sat with him towards the ground,” on something close to the ground. It follows that they were sleeping³⁸Since the friends were sitting with Job for seven days and seven nights, they must have slept “towards the ground”. on overturned couches. Bar Qappara said: A beautiful form³⁹Greek εἰκών “image”, also “phantom”. I had in your house and you caused me to overturn⁴⁰The parallel Megillah 3:5 has לכופתה “to overturn it” (Babylonian Talmudic Hebrew.) The form לכופפה has no parallel in the Yerushalmi and might be a scribal error.
Bar Qappara seems to think that persons die because of the sins of their relatives. This is appropriate only for children who cannot die for their own sins since nobody below the age of 20 is liable before the heavenly court. The following, alternate version also shows that Bar Qappara speaks about mourning for small children. it, you also overturn your bed! Some quote it by the expression “let him overturn; overturn⁴¹The imperative כפה “overturn!” is missing in the parallel Moëd Qaṭan 5:3. The agent is the bed on which one not only sleeps but also has sex. Hence, the couch is the agent which produces the birth of a new baby. the agent!” Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose, both in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish. One said, why does he sleep on an overturned coach? So that he should wake up in the night and realize that he is a mourner. The other one said, since he sleeps on an overturned bed he wakes up in the night and realizes that he is a mourner.

“Reading in the Torah.” Rebbi Joḥanan said, nobody was saying anything to him²⁴⁸Job 2:13., not even a word from the Torah. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said to him, he himself would not have died if he had stated²⁴⁹Since a person who studies continuously cannot be touched by the Angel of Death. Babli 24a.. What about it? As Rebbi Jehudah bar Pazi said in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, because they²⁵⁰Job’s companions. were at a loss how to start with him, whether about his body, or his money, or the souls of his sons and daughters. A student of Rav Ḥisda became sick. He sent him two students to study with him. He turned before them into a kind of snake; they interrupted and he died²⁵¹If the Angel of Death is commanded to take the soul of a certain person who is studying permanently, he has to create a diversion which leads to an interruption of study. Babli 24a.. A student of Bar Pedaya became sick. He sent him two students to study with him. He turned before them into a kind of (oil cake) [a star]²⁵²The Venice editor replaced the כוסבא by the familiar כוכבא “star” which in the situation is most unlikely. One may read כוסבא as Arabic kisba “oil cake”.; they interrupted and he died. It was stated: But he may study a subject not familiar to him. As the following: Something happened to Rebbi Yasa²⁵³A close relative died.. Rebbi Joḥanan sent him two students to study with him. If because it is permitted we do not know; or if because it was a subject not familiar to him we do not know. What was not familiar to Rebbi Yasa²⁵⁴Since R. Yasa was an overriding authority, he must be assumed to be conversant with all talmudic subjects.? But for example rabbinic decisions people are asked about and it is for him as if not familiar²⁵⁵Decisions by others which might disagree with his own views.. Something happened to Rebbi Yose bar Petrus the first father-in-law of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi. Bar Qappara sent him two students to study with him. If because it is permitted we do not know; or if because he was ardent for words of the Torah we do not know. And it was stated thus: If he was ardent for words of the Torah it is permitted.

From where the overturning of beds²⁴⁴So it cannot be used.? Rebbi Crispus in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: They sat with him towards the ground²⁴⁵These three items are to be read in the negative: Not wearing shoes, not having sexual relations, not bathing.. It does not say here “on the ground” but they sat with him towards the ground, on something close to the ground. It follows that they were sleeping on overturned couches²⁴⁶This proves that Rebbi did not insist in his own family that particular rules should be followed. The case shows that it was not done that a person of rank would be seen in public without having his head wrapped in a kefiyah.. Bar Qappara said: A beautiful form²⁴⁷To change the general practice in Galilee not to wear shoes during the Seven days of mourning. I had in your house and you caused me to overturn it, you also overturn your bed! Some quote it by the expression “overturn the agent!²⁴⁸Job 2:13.” Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose, both in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish. One said, why does he sleep on an overturned coach? So that he should wake up in the night and realize that he is a mourner. The other one said, since he sleeps on an overturned bed he wakes up in the night and realizes that he is a mourner.