Komentarz do Izajasza 34:6
חֶ֣רֶב לַיהוָ֞ה מָלְאָ֥ה דָם֙ הֻדַּ֣שְׁנָה מֵחֵ֔לֶב מִדַּ֤ם כָּרִים֙ וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים מֵחֵ֖לֶב כִּלְי֣וֹת אֵילִ֑ים כִּ֣י זֶ֤בַח לַֽיהוָה֙ בְּבָצְרָ֔ה וְטֶ֥בַח גָּד֖וֹל בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אֱדֽוֹם׃
Miecz Wiekuistego pełen krwi, wykarmi się tukiem, - krwią owiec i kozłów, tukiem nerek baranich; bo ucztę ustanowi Wiekuisty w Bocrah i rzeź wielką na ziemi Edomu.
Rashi on Isaiah
lambs and goats princes and governors.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
The sword of the Lord. The divine decree.
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Rashi on Isaiah
in Bozrah It is from the land of Moab, but since it supplied a king for Edom, as it is stated (Gen. 36:33): “And Jobab son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead,” it will, therefore, suffer with them. This is found in Pesikta.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
הודשנה Is made fat. Many think it is a form composed of the Hophal and Hithpael,7The Hophal of רשן is הֻדְשְׁנָה, the Niphal is נִדְשְׁנָה; a compound of both could hardly produce the form הֻדַּשְׁנָה, as we might infer from the Hebrew text: מורכבת מבנין שלא נקרא שם פועלו ומבנין נפעל a compound of Hophal and Niphal. Instead of נפעל we must read התפעל; for the Hithp. of דשן is הִדַּשְּׁנָה ═ הִתְדַּשְּׁנָה, the Hophal הָדְשְׁנָה and the form הֻדַּשְׁנָה may well be considered as a compound of these two, the Dagesh in ד and the Pathah under it being the traces left of the Hithp., the remainder being the characteristics of the Hophal. but wrongly;8I. E. in Zahoth, On the compound forms, seems to include in this term only such words as can easily be divided into two parts, the one containing properties of the one. form, the other of the second; הֻדַּשְׁנָה which begins and ends with the regular form of the Hophal, is, on account of the irregularity of the middle syllable, called by I. E. an irregular form of the Hophal. it is an irregular form; it is derived from דשן to be fat; comp. דשן fat (30:23).
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
כרים Lambs. Comp. Deut. 32:14. — The nobles are figuratively called lambs; comp. אילי מואב the chiefs9Lit.: the rams. of Moab.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
Bozrah. According to some it is the name of the town now called Constantinople; this is impossible, because since the foundation of that town, there have not yet elapsed a thousand years;10Constantinople was built in 330, on the site of Byzantium, which was founded about 660 B.C., long after the death of Isaiah. Bozrah is a province in Edom.11Rashi quotes a passage from the Pesikta, in which it is stated, that Bozrah belonged to Moab, but shared the fate of Edom. Comp. Jer. 48:24. Very probably there were several places of the name Bozrah; since בצרה is originally an appellative, signifying stronghold or castle; there was one Bozrah in Edom, another in Moab.
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