Komentaryo sa Exodo 34:20: Rashi, Chizkuni, Sforno & Rabbeinu Bahya

וּפֶ֤טֶר חֲמוֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ כֹּ֣ל בְּכ֤וֹר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ תִּפְדֶּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖י רֵיקָֽם׃

At ang panganay ng asno ay tutubusin mo ng isang tupa; at kung hindi mo ito tutubusin, baliin mo ang leeg nito. Ang lahat ng panganay sa iyong mga anak na lalaki ay tutubusin mo. At walang haharap sa Akin nang walang dala.

Rashi

ופטר חמור AND THE FIRST OFFSPRING OF AN ASS [THOU SHALT REDEEM] — but not that of any other unclean animal (Bekhorot 5b).
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Chizkuni

ופטר חמור תפדה, “and the firstborn male donkey you shall redeem;” why is this repeated? It is not fit as a sacrifice.
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Sforno

בכור בניך תפדה, the amount to be paid has been spelled out in Numbers 18,16.
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Rashi

תפדה בשה THOU SHALT REDEEM WITH A LAMB — one gives a lamb to the priest and it remains in his possession with the character of a non-holy object (חולין — an ordinary animal). The firstborn ass is then permitted to the owner to be used for work (Bekhorot 9b).
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Rashi

וערפתו THEN THOU SHALT BREAK ITS NECK — one breaks its neck with a hatchet and so slays it (Bekhorot 10b). The reason is: he (the owner of the ass) has caused loss to the possessions of the priest (by not giving him the lamb) therefore must he suffer loss in his possessions (Mekhilta).
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