וַיְחִ֤י אִיּוֹב֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־זֹ֔את מֵאָ֥ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וירא [וַיִּרְאֶ֗ה] אֶת־בָּנָיו֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֣י בָנָ֔יו אַרְבָּעָ֖ה דֹּרֽוֹת׃
Pagkatapos nito ay nabuhay pa si Job nang isandaan at apatnapung taon, at nakita niya ang kanyang mga anak at ang mga anak ng kanyang mga anak, hanggang sa ikaapat na salinlahi.
Seder Olam Rabbah
... The judgment of the wicked in Gehinnom lasts twelve months, as it says “And it shall be from new moon to new moon…” (Yeshayahu 66:23) R’ Yochanan ben Nuri says: from Pesach until Atzeret (Shavuot), as it says “…and from Sabbath to Sabbath…” (ibid.) After twelve months the souls of the sinners of Israel who transgressed the Torah and the commandments are consumed and their bodies are consumed and they are turned to dust. Gehinnom spits them out and the wind scatters them underneath the feet of the righteous, as it says “And you shall crush the wicked, for they will be as ash under the soles of your feet…” (Malachi 3:21) But those who separated from the ways of the community, like the Sadducees, and the betrayers and the hypocrites and the heretics, and those who ‘spread their terror in the land of the living,’ and those who denied the resurrection, and those who say Torah is not from heaven, and those who scoff at the words of the Sages – Gehinnom is locked before them and they are judged there forever, as it says “And they shall go out and see the corpses of the people who rebelled against Me…” (Yeshayahu 66:24) Not only this, but the netherworld will cease to be but they will not cease to be, as it says “…and their form will outlast the grave as his dwelling place (zevul).” (Tehillim 49:15) From His dwelling place He will wear out their form, and their form will wear out the netherworld. What caused this to happen to them? Because they stretched out their hands against the dwelling place, as it says ‘as his dwelling place,’ and there is no dwelling place other than the Holy Temple, as it says “I have surely built You a house to dwell in…” (Melachim I 8:13)
Bereshit Rabbah
“And her name was Ketura” – Rav said: This is Hagar. Rabbi Neḥemya said to him: ‘But is it not written “[Abraham took] another [vayosef]”?’ He said to him: ‘[That means only that] he married her on the basis of a divine command, just as it says: “The Lord continued [vayosef] speaking to me again, saying”’ (Isaiah 8:5). He said to him: ‘But is it not written “and her name was Ketura”?’ He said to him: ‘That is because she was perfumed [mekuteret] with mitzvot and good deeds.’ [He said to him:] But is it not written: “And to the sons of the concubines12Plural. If Hagar and Ketura were one and the same, Abraham would have had only one concubine. of Abraham [Abraham gave gifts and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he was still alive…]”?’ (Genesis 25:6). He said to him: ‘Pilagsham13The omission of the yud intimates that the word could be interpreted as a single concubine. is written. “While he was still alive [ḥai]” – [this alludes to Hagar] the one who had sat by the well and said to the One who lives [ḥai] forever: See my misery.’
Rabbi Berekhya said: Even though it says: “She [Hagar] went off and wandered in the wilderness…” (Genesis 21:14), lest you say that perhaps some person was suspected [of becoming immorally involved] with her, the verse states: “And her name was Ketura” – from the word ‘bound up’ [ketar]; she was like one who seals a treasure and takes it out bound and sealed.14Her name indicates that she was chaste after leaving Abraham.
Bar Kappara said: Additions [tosafto] that are granted by the Holy One blessed be He are even greater than the original item. Cain was the original son [of Eve], and Abel, because he was considered an addition, as it is written: “She continued [vatosef] giving birth…[to Abel]” (Genesis 4:2) – he was born with his two twin sisters.15Whereas Cain was born with just one twin sister (see Bereshit Rabba 22:2).
Joseph was the original son [of Rachel], and Benjamin, because addition is written in his regard,16See Genesis 30:24. he produced ten children, as it is written: “And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Bekher…” (Genesis 46:21).
Er was the original son [of Judah], and Shela, because an expression of addition is used for him,17See Genesis 38:5. he produced ten courts. That is what is written in Chronicles: “The sons of Shela son of Judah: Er, father18The term father in this passage refers to the head of a court. of Lekha; and Lada father of Maresha; and the families of the house of the craft of fine linen, of the house of Ashbe’a...” (I Chronicles 4:21–23).
Job’s age was originally19Before he began to suffer from his afflictions. only seventy years, and one hundred and forty years were added to his life, as it is written: “After this, Job lived for one hundred and forty years” (Job 42:16).
Hezekiah’s original reign20Before being reprimanded by Isaiah and praying for forgiveness (Isaiah 38:1–3). was only fourteen years, but fifteen years were added to it, as it is stated: “Behold, I am adding fifteen years to your days” (Isaiah 38:5).
Ishmael was the original son, and the sons of Ketura, because an expression of addition is used regarding them21Genesis 25:1. [the verse tells us] “She bore him Zimran…” (Genesis 25:2).22The verse goes on to list six children.
Rabbi Berekhya said: Even though it says: “She [Hagar] went off and wandered in the wilderness…” (Genesis 21:14), lest you say that perhaps some person was suspected [of becoming immorally involved] with her, the verse states: “And her name was Ketura” – from the word ‘bound up’ [ketar]; she was like one who seals a treasure and takes it out bound and sealed.14Her name indicates that she was chaste after leaving Abraham.
Bar Kappara said: Additions [tosafto] that are granted by the Holy One blessed be He are even greater than the original item. Cain was the original son [of Eve], and Abel, because he was considered an addition, as it is written: “She continued [vatosef] giving birth…[to Abel]” (Genesis 4:2) – he was born with his two twin sisters.15Whereas Cain was born with just one twin sister (see Bereshit Rabba 22:2).
Joseph was the original son [of Rachel], and Benjamin, because addition is written in his regard,16See Genesis 30:24. he produced ten children, as it is written: “And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Bekher…” (Genesis 46:21).
Er was the original son [of Judah], and Shela, because an expression of addition is used for him,17See Genesis 38:5. he produced ten courts. That is what is written in Chronicles: “The sons of Shela son of Judah: Er, father18The term father in this passage refers to the head of a court. of Lekha; and Lada father of Maresha; and the families of the house of the craft of fine linen, of the house of Ashbe’a...” (I Chronicles 4:21–23).
Job’s age was originally19Before he began to suffer from his afflictions. only seventy years, and one hundred and forty years were added to his life, as it is written: “After this, Job lived for one hundred and forty years” (Job 42:16).
Hezekiah’s original reign20Before being reprimanded by Isaiah and praying for forgiveness (Isaiah 38:1–3). was only fourteen years, but fifteen years were added to it, as it is stated: “Behold, I am adding fifteen years to your days” (Isaiah 38:5).
Ishmael was the original son, and the sons of Ketura, because an expression of addition is used regarding them21Genesis 25:1. [the verse tells us] “She bore him Zimran…” (Genesis 25:2).22The verse goes on to list six children.