Komentaryong Sumisipi para sa Oseas 11:8

אשר מגן WHO HATH DELIVERED [THY ENEMIES INTO THY HANDS] — מגן means who has handed over or surrendered, as (Hosea 11:8) “How shall I give thee over, (אמגנך) Israel”

'ויאמר ה' זעקת סדם ועמורה וגו, G’d means to say that the reason he now appeared to Avraham was to inform him that He had heard the outcry concerning Sodom, etc. The same applied to the five kings who were involved in the war with Kedorleomer in chapter 14 were all killed together with their population when Sodom was overturned. They were what the Torah referred to in 19,28 as the ארץ הככר. Moses also referred to this overturning of Sodom and Amora in Deut. 29,22 mentioning 4 towns, seeing that Tzoar was saved at the request of Lot. Also in Hoseah 11,8 the cities of Adma and Tzvoyim are singled out by the prophet, although the largest of the cities were Sodom and Amora. Sodom was the principal city, and the perversions committed in all of these cities were presumably dreamt up by the citizens of Sodom. The prophet Ezekiel 16,53 specifically refers to the other cities of that valley as Sodom’s satellites.

מִגֵן, ebenso אמונך ישראל (Hosea 11, 8) völliges Preisgeben. Findet sich noch in dem chaldäischen מַגָן für das hebräische חנם, das, wofür man nichts fordert, was man als wertlos dahingibt. Demgemäß kann auch das Prov. 4, 9 von der Wahrheit gesprochene: עטרת תפארת תמגנך nicht wohl heißen: sie schenkt dir eine prächtige Krone. Vielmehr: חחן לראשך לוית חן usw., "sie verleiht deinem Haupte selbst die, stete Begleitung des Liebreizes und macht dir die prächtigste Krone wertlos, überflüssig". Das Haupt der Weisen strahlt von selbst in herzgewinnendem Zauber, es braucht zu seiner Herrlichkeit und Macht keiner äußeren Krone.

Break their hearts. A breaking of the heart, as [Scripture] says, “I will break you, O Yisroel,”⁴²Hosheia 11:8. [and as in,] “who broke your adversaries in your hand.”⁴³Bereishis 14:20. Another explanation of מְגִנַּת לֵב is ‘stopping up of the heart,’ trouble and sighing, which are like a shield against their heart. But he who explains it as an expression of grief is wrong, because there is no nun in this word, for the nun in יָגוֹן is not a radical, but it is like the nun of הָמוֹן from the [same] root as הָמוּ גוֹיִם, and like the nun of קָלוֹן from the root of נִקְלֶה, and like the nun of צִיּוֹן from the root of צִיָּה, and similarly the nun of שִׁבְרוֹן from the root of שֶׁבֶר. (and like the nun of שִׁמָּמוֹן and שִׁגָּעוֹן. It appears to me that this is the correct reading, and this is easy to understand.)