פּירוש אויף תהילים 4:3

Sons of man The sons of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who are called man. About Abraham it is stated (in Gen. 20:7): “Restore the man’s wife.” About Isaac it is stated (ibid. 24:65): “Who is that man...?” About Jacob, it is stated (ibid. 25:27): “and Jacob was a plain man.”

O ye sons of men (בני איש): He addresses the great ones of Israel who were with Absalom. So “both low (בני אדם) and high (אישׁ בני)” (Ps. 49:3): בני אדם (are) the multitude, אישׁ בני the great ones. So also, “Art not thou a great man (אישׁ) and who is like to thee in Israel?” (1 Sam. 26:15); “Gideon the son of Joash, the great man (אישׁ) of Israel” (Judges 7:14).

Sons of man (בְּנֵי אִישׁ - b'nei ish): Rabbi Moshe [ben Shmu'el Gikatilla] HaKohen, of blessed memory, said: That this psalm [continues the context] as written above, and [David] speaks with the "sons of man" because of the haughtiness (gavhut) of their hearts in their youthfulness (be-bacharutam). [He paraphrases David's address to them:] "How long (Ad matai) have you turned my glory into shame? And this [enterprise] that you desire will not stand (lo ya'amod), will not arise (ve-lo yakum), and will not come to be (ve-lo yihyeh), for truly you seek falsehood (kazav)." And according to the opinion of Rabbi Moshe: He [David] is speaking about the helpers/supporters of Absalom.

how long will my honor be disgraced How long will you disgrace me? (I Sam. 20:30): “that you choose the son of Jesse”; (ibid. 22:8), “when my son made a covenant with the son of Jesse”; (ibid. verse 9), “I saw the son of Jesse”; (ibid. 25:10), “Who is David, and who is the son of Jesse?” I have no name.

will you constantly seek lies Will you chase to find lies, e.g., the Ziphites, who inform on me, yet show me friendliness, and other informers like them who were in Saul’s time (I Sam. 23:19): “Is David not hiding...in the hill of Hachilah?” And so, many.