Kommentar zu Dewarim 31:26
לָקֹ֗חַ אֵ֣ת סֵ֤פֶר הַתּוֹרָה֙ הַזֶּ֔ה וְשַׂמְתֶּ֣ם אֹת֔וֹ מִצַּ֛ד אֲר֥וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָֽיָה־שָׁ֥ם בְּךָ֖ לְעֵֽד׃
'Nimm dieses Buch des Gesetzes und lege es an die Seite der Bundeslade des HERRN, deines Gottes, damit es für ein Zeugnis gegen dich da ist.
Rashi on Deuteronomy
לקח — The grammatical form and its meaning are the same as in (Exodus 20:8) זכור; (Deuteronomy 5:12) שמור; (Jeremiah 2:2) הלוך.
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Sforno on Deuteronomy
והיה שם בך לעד, the written Torah, reposing in the Holy Ark is witness that I have predicted and warned against your abandoning G’d and His Torah. This is why I arranged for this testimony to be preserved in a place accessible even to the High Priest only once a year on the Day of Atonement. This original copy of the written Torah will, if need be, prove that all that is written in all the Torah scrolls later and accessible to all the people all the time was a true copy of the Torah Moses had received from G’d at Mount Sinai. It will serve as proof that the Torah scrolls in circulation among the Torah scholars and the righteous people who commissioned copies for their private libraries, are all true to the original and do not contain additions or omissions.
It would appear, however, that the Torah scroll found by the High Priest Chilkiyah (Kings II 22,8) was the very one which Moses had handed over to the priests who carried the Ark across the river Jordan which we referred to earlier. It contained only the passage dealing with the legislation pertaining to the king. It was this scroll in which Joshua wrote (added) the renewal of G’d’s covenant with the people which took place at Shechem. This was the record of Israel’s renewed undertaking to serve the Lord. Compare Kings II 22,13 where King Yoshiyahu refers to this scroll containing matters not contained in Moses’ original Torah scroll, as Joshua had written part of this scroll after the covenant’s renewal in Shechem. The King had become painfully aware how far the people had strayed from their solemn undertaking.
It would appear, however, that the Torah scroll found by the High Priest Chilkiyah (Kings II 22,8) was the very one which Moses had handed over to the priests who carried the Ark across the river Jordan which we referred to earlier. It contained only the passage dealing with the legislation pertaining to the king. It was this scroll in which Joshua wrote (added) the renewal of G’d’s covenant with the people which took place at Shechem. This was the record of Israel’s renewed undertaking to serve the Lord. Compare Kings II 22,13 where King Yoshiyahu refers to this scroll containing matters not contained in Moses’ original Torah scroll, as Joshua had written part of this scroll after the covenant’s renewal in Shechem. The King had become painfully aware how far the people had strayed from their solemn undertaking.
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Rabbeinu Bahya
ושמתם אותו מצד ארון ברית ה' אלוקיכם, “you are to place it on the side of the Ark of the Covenant with the Lord your G’d.” It was to be placed inside the Ark, on the side of the Tablets. The verse refers to the text of the song in Haazinu. It should be deposited there next to the Torah scroll seeing that its text was part of the Torah. It was to remain there permanently.
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Siftei Chakhamim
Like remember, keep, going. Which are forms of the present tense, rather than an imperative. It is as if he said to them [it is your responsibility] to take this Seifer Torah and to place it at the side of the Ark, as an eternal witness.
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Rav Hirsch on Torah
V. 26. לקח וגו׳. Wir haben bereits zu V. 10 erwähnt, dass nach דברים רבה Mosche vor seinem Ende außer diesem im Allerheiligsten zu bewahrenden jedem Stamme ein von seiner Hand geschriebenes Exemplar der תורה übergab. Wir haben an einem anderen Orte darauf hingewiesen, wie somit das Gesetz dem Volke bereits vierzig Jahre in mündlicher Überlieferung vollständig bekannt gewesen, bevor es ihm in schriftlicher Abfassung übergeben wurde. Die Gittin 60 a im Anschluss an diesen V. 26 לקח את ספר התורה הזה behandelte Frage, ob תורה מגלה מגלה ניתנה oder חתומה ניתנה תורה מגלה , berührt diese von uns hervorgehobene Tatsache in keiner Weise. Nach der ganzen dortigen Verhandlung und der Auffassung der Kommentare ist dort nicht die Frage, wie die Gesetzesschrift dem Volke übergeben, sondern wie dieselbe von Mosche angefertigt worden, ob bruchstückweise, מגלה מגלה, sofort nach jeder ihm gewordenen Offenbarung eines Gesetzes, oder חתומה in einheitlich geschlossenem Zusammenhange, Siehe ׳תוספו und die Superkommentare daselbst. (Nur zu den שמנה פרשיות erwähnt Raschi: נאמרו ונכתבו ונמסרו).
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Daat Zkenim on Deuteronomy
לקח את ספר התורה הזה, “take this book of the Torah!” according to a Midrash, on this date, the seventh day of the month of Adar, Moses personally wrote 13 Torah scrolls one each for the twelve tribes. He read out of each one before each of the tribes passages of warning, exhorting them to observe the Torah meticulously. He read to the men and women separately, warning them to treasure their Torah scroll and protect it from all hazards. Moses took the thirteenth Torah scroll and deposited it in the Holy Ark next to the second set of Tablets. This interpretation is based on the text of this verse, which appears portray him as instructing the priests to do so, [as being “only” a Levite he had no access to the Holy Ark inside the tabernacle. Ed.] Other commentators suggest that the archangel Gavriel descended from the heavenly regions and took the thirteenth Torah scroll back with him to those regions. The reason for this was to acquaint the residents of those regions with the greatness of Moses. This exegesis is based on Deuteronomy 33,21: צדקת ה' עשה ומשפט עם ישראל, “He executed the righteousness of the Lord and His ordinances with Israel.” Not only this, but the righteous in those regions read from this Torah scroll every Monday and Thursday, every Sabbath and on every New Moon and the festivals. In the first chapter of the tractate Baba batra, folio 14 there is reported a dispute between Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Yehudah, about whether the Torah scroll was deposited inside the Holy Ark or next to it.
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Rashi on Deuteronomy
מצד ארון ברית ה׳ [TAKE THIS BOOK OF THE LAW AND PUT IT] AT THE SIDE OF THE ARK OF THE COVENANT OF THE LORD — The sages of Israel differ about it (the meaning of the phrase “at the side of the Ark”) in Treatise Bava Batra 14a. Some of them say: A board projected from the Ark outside it and there it (the song) lay, whilst others say that it lay at the side of the Tablets within the Ark.
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Rav Hirsch on Torah
Der Ausdruck ניתנה dürfte sich demnach auf das Niederlegen der Gesetzesschrift in oder neben die Lade im Allerheiligsten beziehen. Siehe Jeruschalmi Sota 8, 3 Ende, ד׳׳ה על דעתיה דר׳׳מ den Kommentar, מראה הפנים daselbst. ועוד אפשר וזה נ׳׳לע׳׳ד עיקר שלשון נתינה כאן אינו מיד משה לישראל אלא מה"ב׳׳ה למשה דומיא דלשון מתן תורה ולפי שמשה לא כתב התורה מפי עצמו אלא מפי הב׳׳ה יקרא אליו והוא כותב על ספר בדיו על כן כתיבה בזו נתינה קרו לה כלומר נתנת התורה בכתב, תדע דרק מכתיבה מיירי התם דאי לא כן אלא נתינה דווקא קאמר אדבעי אליבא דמאן דאמר חתומה ניתנה או דלמא כיון דלא אפשר כתבינן דלא הוי אלא היתר דרבנן משום עת לעשות וגו׳ לימא או דלמא כיון דרק ניתנה חתומה והכתיבה היתה מגלה מגלה כתבינן דהוי היתר אפי׳ דאורי׳. וכן היכא מוכח מקרא במגילת ספר כתב עלי דמגלה מגלה ניתנה דלמא משום הכי נקראת תורה מגלה כיון דנכתבה מגלה מגלה .אע׳פי דניתנה חתומה אלא ודאי כל נתינה בסוגיא זו כתיבה היא כנ׳׳ל
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Rav Hirsch on Torah
מצד ארון וגו׳. Nach ר׳׳מ B. B. 14 a innerhalb der Lade den Tafeln zur Seite, und wäre dann nach der zitierten Stelle Jeruschalmi Sota, die ס׳׳ת mit unter das Schmot 25, 21 erwähnte עדות begriffen, wie denn ja auch hier die Bestimmung der dort niederzulegenden עד :ס׳׳ת zu sein ausgesprochen ist. Nach ר׳׳י, B. B. daselbst hatte jedoch dem Wortlaute gemäßer die ס׳׳ת nicht im ארון, sondern auf einer an der Seite desselben vorspringenden Unterlage ihre Stelle.
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