וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִי֩ מָנַ֨עְתִּי מִכֶּ֜ם אֶת־הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם בְּע֨וֹד שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ לַקָּצִ֔יר וְהִמְטַרְתִּי֙ עַל־עִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת וְעַל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֖ת לֹ֣א אַמְטִ֑יר חֶלְקָ֤ה אַחַת֙ תִּמָּטֵ֔ר וְחֶלְקָ֛ה אֲשֶֽׁר־לֹֽא־תַמְטִ֥יר עָלֶ֖יהָ תִּיבָֽשׁ׃
Aku pun telah menahan hujan darimu ketika masih tiga bulan lagi sebelum musim panen; Aku menurunkan hujan ke atas satu kota, tetapi ke atas kota yang lain tidak Kuturunkan hujan; satu ladang mendapat hujan, dan ladang yang tidak dicurahi hujan menjadi kering.
Abarbanel
The first questions is that when listing the troubles that will come upon the nation, the famine is listed two times. First it says "I will give you cleanness of teeth in all your cities and lack of bread in all your places yet you did not return to Me" (Amos 4:6). And after this, the propeht says "and I will also withhold from you the rain..." (Amos 4:7) And these are both telling us about the terrible famine and if so why is it told two times using the words "and I will also" like it is new thing.
German Commentary
wie es heisst. Amos 4, 7. Das Zitat gibt sich schon äusserlich durch das aram. דכתיב als späte, aus Versehen in den Text geratene Randbemerkung zu erkennen.
English Explanation of Mishnah Taanit
And so too a city, upon which no rain has fallen as it is written, “And I caused it to rain upon one city, and I caused it not to rain upon another city; one piece was rained upon…” (Amos 4:7) that city fasts and they sound a blast, but those [in the places] around it fast but do not sound the alarm. Rabbi Akiva says: they sound the alarm but do not fast. The quote from Amos shows that droughts can be localized and that God can send a drought upon one city, but not upon another. In such a case that city fasts and performs the entire ritual. The surrounding cities partially join in the fast as a show of support. However they do not fully join in, because it is, after all, raining in their city. It seems that partial fasting/sounding the shofar is to show both their empathy for their fellow Israelites and yet at the same time show their gratitude to God for causing it to rain on their town. The sages and Rabbi Akiva debate concerning which part of the fasting ritual is observed by those in the neighboring town. The sages say that they fast but do not blow the shofar whereas Rabbi Akiva holds the opposite.